Related papers: The linear refinement number and selection theory

Let $F$ be a linear combination of $N\geq 1$ Dirichlet $L$-functions attached to even (or odd) primitive characters with the same modulus. Selberg proved that a positive proportion of non-trivial zeros of $F$ lie on the critical line. Our…

A matrix \( A \) is called \emph{kernel partition regular} if, for every finite coloring of the natural numbers \( \mathbb{N} \), there exists a monochromatic solution to the equation \( A\vec{X} = 0 \). In 1933, Rado characterized such…

Foundation models often generate unreliable answers, while heuristic uncertainty estimators fail to fully distinguish correct from incorrect outputs, causing users to accept erroneous answers without any statistical guarantee. We address…

Let $X$ be a normal complex projective variety, $T\subseteq X$ a subvariety, $a\colon X\rightarrow A$ a morphism to an abelian variety such that $\rm{Pic}^0(A)$ injects into $\rm{Pic}^0(T)$ and let $L$ be a line bundle on $X$. Denote by…

Large cardinals arising from the existence of arbitrarily long end elementary extension chains over models of set theory are studied here. In particular, we show that the large cardinals obtained that way (`Unfoldable cardinals') behave as…

We develop a new forcing notion for adjoining self-coding cofinitary permutations and use it to show that consistently, the minimal cardinality $\mathfrak a_{\text{g}}$ of a maximal cofinitary group (MCG) is strictly between $\aleph_1$ and…

The paper is an extensive and systematic study of cardinal invariants we call slalom numbers, describing the combinatorics of sequences of sets of natural numbers. Our general approach, based on relational systems, covers many such cardinal…

It is a consequence of the axiom of choice that every preorder can be extended to a total preorder while respecting the strict preorder relation. We call such an extension a prelinearization of the preorder and study the extent to which the…

Morrill and Valentin in the paper "Computational coverage of TLG: Nonlinearity" considered an extension of the Lambek calculus enriched by a so-called "exponential" modality. This modality behaves in the "relevant" style, that is, it allows…

We introduce a general random model of a combinatorial optimization problem with geometric structure that encapsulates both linear programming and integer linear programming. Let $Q$ be a bounded set called the feasible set, $E$ be an…

We introduce a hierarchy of models of the Axiom of Determinacy called \emph{Nairian models}. Forcing over the simplest Nairian model, we obtain a model of ${\sf{ZFC}}+{\sf{MM^{++}}}(c)+\neg\square_{\omega_3}+\neg\square(\omega_3)$. Then,…

The classical Rellich inequalities imply that the $L^2$-norms of the normal and tangential derivatives of a harmonic function are equivalent. In this note, we prove several refined inequalities, which make sense even if the domain is not…

Fairly deep results of Zermelo-Frenkel (ZF) set theory have been mechanized using the proof assistant Isabelle. The results concern cardinal arithmetic and the Axiom of Choice (AC). A key result about cardinal multiplication is K*K = K,…

This paper surveys recent analytical and numerical research on linear problems for the integral fractional Laplacian, fractional obstacle problems, and fractional minimal graphs. The emphasis is on the interplay between regularity,…

The defective chromatic number of a graph class is the infimum $k$ such that there exists an integer $d$ such that every graph in this class can be partitioned into at most $k$ induced subgraphs with maximum degree at most $d$. Finding the…

Following D. Sobota we call a family $\mathcal F$ of infinite subsets of $\mathbb N$ a Rosenthal family if it can replace the family of all infinite subsets of $\mathbb N$ in classical Rosenthal's Lemma concerning sequences of measures on…

Let $F$ be the field of $q$ elements. We investigate the following Ramsey coloring problem for vector spaces: Given a vector space $\F^n$, give a coloring of the points of $F^n$ with two colors such that no affine line (i.e., affine…

We investigate families of subsets of $\omega$ with almost disjoint refinements in the classical case as well as with respect to given ideals on $\omega$. More precisely, we study the following topics and questions: 1) Examples of…

This paper deals with the \emph{integral} version of the Dirichlet homogeneous fractional Laplace equation. For this problem weighted and fractional Sobolev a priori estimates are provided in terms of the H\"older regularity of the data. By…

Let $\mathcal{I}$ be an ideal on $\omega$. For $f,g\in\omega^\omega$ we write $f \leq_{\mathcal{I}} g$ if $f(n) \leq g(n)$ for all $n\in\omega\setminus A$ with some $A\in\mathcal{I}$. Moreover, we denote…