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The modestly eccentric and non-coplanar orbits of the giant planets pose a challenge to solar system formation theories which generally indicate that the giant planets emerged from the protoplanetary disk in nearly perfectly circular and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-06 Garett Brown , Renu Malhotra , Hanno Rein

Shock waves and the associated phenomena generated by strongly ablating meteoroids with sizes greater than a few millimeters in the lower transitional flow regime of the Earth's atmosphere are the least explored aspect of meteor science. In…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-22 Elizabeth A. Silber , Mark Boslough , Wayne K. Hocking , Maria Gritsevich , Rodney W. Whitaker

The Milky Way, when viewed in the neutral hydrogen line emission, presents large structures called Galactic supershells (GSs). The origin of these structures is still a subject of debate. The most common scenario invoked is the combined…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-04-10 L. A. Suad , C. F. Caiafa , S. Cichowolski , E. M. Arnal

This paper shows that gravitating bodies travelling through the Galaxy can trap lighter interstellar particles that pass nearby with small relative velocities onto temporarily-bound orbits. The capture mechanism is driven by the Galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-28 Jorge Peñarrubia

Planets are common objects in the Universe, observationally as well as theoretically. However, the standard theory of their formation encounters many difficulties, such as dust fall and disk lifetime problems. We positively analyze them,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-03 Masahiro Morikawa , Suzuka Amaya

In this contribution I summarize our current knowledge of the nature and significance of starburst-driven galactic winds (``superwinds''). Superwinds are complex multiphase outflows of cool, warm, and hot gas, dust, and magnetized…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Timothy M. Heckman

Measurements by dust detectors on interplanetary spacecraft appear to indicate a substantial flux of interstellar particles with masses exceeding 10^{-12}gram. The reported abundance of these massive grains cannot be typical of interstellar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 B. T. Draine

Various meteor and fireball networks exist worldwide. Most data sets which include ground-based observational data of meteors are affected by biases. The larger and faster the entering meteoroid, the brighter is the produced meteor. Hence,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-17 Esther Drolshagen , Theresa Ott , Detlef Koschny , Gerhard Drolshagen , Anna Kristiane Schmidt , Björn Poppe

In this paper we calculate the expected orbital elements, radiants, and velocities of Earth-impacting interstellar objects. We generate a synthetic population of $\sim10^{10}$ interstellar objects with M-star kinematics in order to obtain…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Darryl Z. Seligman , Dušan Marčeta , Eloy Peña-Asensio

The extrasolar planets (EPs) so far detected are very different to the planets in our own Solar System. Many of them have Jupiter-like masses and close-in orbits (the so-called hot planets, HPs), with orbital periods of only a few days. In…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Marchi , S. Ortolani , M. Nagasawa , S. Ida

Micron size extrasolar dust particles have been convincingly detected by satellites. Larger extrasolar meteoroids (5-35 microns) have most likely been detected by ground based radar at Arecibo and New Zealand. We present estimates of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Norman Murray , Joe Weingartner , Paul Capobianco

This is an overview of recent research on meteors and the parent bodies from which they are produced. While many meteor showers result from material ejected by comets, two out of the three strongest annual showers (the Geminids and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Toshihiro Kasuga , David Jewitt

Planets intermediate in size between the Earth and Neptune, and orbiting closer to their host stars than Mercury does the Sun, are the most common type of planet revealed by exoplanet surveys over the last quarter century. Results from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-10 Jacob L. Bean , Sean N. Raymond , James E. Owen

With the recent discoveries of interstellar objects `Oumuamua and Borisov traversing the solar system, understanding the dynamics of interstellar objects is more pressing than ever. These detections have highlighted the possibility that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-24 Kevin J Napier , Fred C Adams , Konstantin Batygin

Sungrazing comets have always captured a lot of interest and curiosity among the general public as well as scientists since ancient times. The perihelion passage of comet C/2012 S1 (ISON) at the end of this year (on 2013 November 28) is an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 A. Sekhar , D. J. Asher

We examine meteoroid orbits recorded by the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR) from 2012-2019, consisting of just over 11 million orbits in a search for potential interstellar meteoroids. Our 7.5 year survey consists of an integrated…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-29 Mark Froncisz , Peter Brown , Robert J. Weryk

While observational evidence for the episodic nature of young stellar outflows continues to mount, existing numerical and theoretical models of molecular outflows assume they are formed by the interaction of a non-episodic wind from a young…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Hector G. Arce , Alyssa A. Goodman

Meteorites are a remarkable resource. They capture the imagination of people worldwide with their spectacular entry through Earth's atmosphere as fireballs, and their exotic character of being pieces of other worlds. Scientifically, they…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-25 Rhian H. Jones

Hypervelocity stars (HVSs) are a natural consequence of the presence of a massive nuclear black hole (Sgr A*) in the Galactic Center. Here we use the Brown et al. sample of unbound and bound HVSs together with numerical simulations of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 A. Sesana , F. Haardt , P. Madau

The discovery of hypervelocity stars (HVS) leaving our galaxy with speeds of nearly $10^{3}$ km s$^{-1}$ has provided strong evidence towards the existence of a massive compact object at the galaxy's center. HVS ejected via the disruption…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 James Guillochon , Abraham Loeb