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This paper establishes a lower bound on the number of states necessary in the worst case to simulate an $n$-state two-way nondeterministic finite automaton (2NFA) by a one-way unambiguous finite automaton (UFA). It is proved that for every…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Semyon Petrov , Alexander Okhotin

We investigate the worst-case state complexity of reversals of deterministic finite automata with output (DFAOs). In these automata, each state is assigned some output value, rather than simply being labelled final or non-final. This…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Sylvie Davies

Despite its success in producing numerous general results on state-based dynamics, the theory of coalgebra has struggled to accommodate the Buechi acceptance condition---a basic notion in the theory of automata for infinite words or trees.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-01 Natsuki Urabe , Shunsuke Shimizu , Ichiro Hasuo

Complementation of B\"uchi automata has been studied for over five decades since the formalism was introduced in 1960. Known complementation constructions can be classified into Ramsey-based, determinization-based, rank-based, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Ming-Hsien Tsai , Seth Fogarty , Moshe Y. Vardi , Yih-Kuen Tsay

Given a nondeterministic finite-state automaton (NFA), we aim to estimate the size of an equivalent deterministic finite-state automaton (DFA). We demonstrate that computing the state complexity of an NFA within polynomial precision is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ivan Baburin , Ryan Cotterell

A non-deterministic automaton running on infinite trees is unambiguous if it has at most one accepting run on every tree. The class of languages recognisable by unambiguous tree automata is still not well-understood. In particular,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Henryk Michalewski , Michał Skrzypczak

We investigate the accepting state complexity of deterministic finite automata for regular languages obtained by applying one of the following operations to languages accepted by permutation automata: union, quotient, complement,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Christian Rauch , Markus Holzer

We investigate the conversion of one-way nondeterministic finite automata and context-free grammars into Parikh equivalent one-way and two-way deterministic finite automata, from a descriptional complexity point of view. We prove that for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-12-12 Giovanna J. Lavado , Giovanni Pighizzini , Shinnosuke Seki

Every language recognized by a non-deterministic finite automaton can be recognized by a deterministic automaton, at the cost of a potential increase of the number of states, which in the worst case can go from $n$ states to $2^n$ states.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Arnaud Carayol , Philippe Duchon , Florent Koechlin , Cyril Nicaud

Complementation and determinization are two fundamental notions in automata theory. The close relationship between the two has been well observed in the literature. In the case of nondeterministic finite automata on finite words (NFA),…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Yang Cai , Ting Zhang

Exclusive nondeterministic finite automata (XNFA) are nondeterministic finite automata with a special acceptance condition. An input is accepted if there is exactly one accepting path in its computation tree. If there are none or more than…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Martin Kutrib , Andreas Malcher , Matthias Wendlandt

The projected language of a general deterministic automaton with $n$ states is recognizable by a deterministic automaton with $2^{n-1} + 2^{n-m} - 1$ states, where $m$ denotes the number of states incident to unobservable non-loop…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Stefan Hoffmann

The precise complexity of complementing B\"uchi automata is an intriguing and long standing problem. While optimal complementation techniques for finite automata are simple - it suffices to determinize them using a simple subset…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-03-02 Sven Schewe

Previously, self-verifying symmetric difference automata were defined and a tight bound of 2^n-1-1 was shown for state complexity in the unary case. We now consider the non-unary case and show that, for every n at least 2, there is a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-23 Laurette Marais , Lynette van Zijl

Motivated by the Babai conjecture and the Cerny conjecture, we study the reset thresholds of automata with the transition monoid equal to the full monoid of transformations of the state set. For automata with $n$ states in this class, we…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-08 François Gonze , Vladimir Gusev , Balázs Gerencsér , Raphaël M. Jungers , Mikhail V. Volkov

We show that the problem of checking if a given nondeterministic parity automaton simulates another given nondeterministic parity automaton is NP-hard. We then adapt the techniques used for this result to show that the problem of checking…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Keya Prakash

We present a language $L_n$ which is recognizable by a probabilistic finite automaton (PFA) with probability $1 - \epsilon$ for all $\epsilon > 0$ with $O(log^2n)$ states, with a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) with O(n) states, but a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gatis Midrijanis

We describe a minimization procedure for nondeterministic B\"uchi automata (NBA). For an automaton A another automaton A_min with the minimal number of states is learned with the help of a SAT-solver. This is done by successively computing…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Stephan Barth , Martin Hofmann

We study the strength of set-theoretic axioms needed to prove Rabin's theorem on the decidability of the MSO theory of the infinite binary tree. We first show that the complementation theorem for tree automata, which forms the technical…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-08-28 Leszek Aleksander Kołodziejczyk , Henryk Michalewski

When omega-regular objectives were first proposed in model-free reinforcement learning (RL) for controlling MDPs, deterministic Rabin automata were used in an attempt to provide a direct translation from their transitions to scalar values.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Ernst Moritz Hahn , Mateo Perez , Sven Schewe , Fabio Somenzi , Ashutosh Trivedi , Dominik Wojtczak