Related papers: Volume and Surface-Enhanced Volume Negative Ion So…
Recently, there is an increasing need for $H_{2}^+$ and $H_{3}^+$ ion sources. One example are ion therapy facilities, where $C^{4+}$ and $H_{3}^+$ ion beams along the linac are of great interest. Another example is a $H_{2}^+$ test beam…
The caesiated surface negative ion source is the first element of CERN's LINAC4 a linear injector designed to accelerate negative hydrogen ions to 160 MeV. The IS03 ion source is operated at 35 mA beam intensity and reliably feeds CERN's…
It is proposed one universal H-/D- ion source design combining the most advanced developments in the field of polarized ion sources to provide high-current high-brightness ion beams with >90% polarization and improved lifetime, reliability,…
This paper deals with a study of H-/D-negative ion surface production on diamond in low pressure H2/D2 plasmas. A sample placed in the plasma is negatively biased with respect to plasma potential. Upon positive ion impacts on the sample,…
Ion sources are a critical component of all particle accelerators. They create the initial beam that is accelerated by the rest of the machine. This paper will introduce the many methods of creating a beam for high-power hadron…
Negative atomic hydrogen ion (H$^{-}$) densities were measured in a pulsed low-pressure E-mode inductively-coupled radio-frequency (rf) driven plasma in hydrogen by means of laser photodetachment and a Langmuir probe. This investigation…
A review of modern high intensity H- ion sources for accelerators is presented. The cesiation effect, a significant enhancement of negative ion emission from gas discharges with decrease of co-extracted electron current below negative ion…
A high production rate of negative hydrogen ion was observed from a nanoporous C12A7 electride surface immersed in hydrogen/deuterium low-pressure plasmas. The target was biased at 10-170 V negatively and the target surface was bombarded by…
A large volume surface plasma source (SPS) with a biased converter was developed for the Los Alamos linear accelerator. A large gas-discharge chamber with a multipole magnetic wall and 2 heated cathodes can support a discharge generating…
Intense Highly Charged Ion Beams (HCIB) from injector and charge-breeder ion sources at heavy ion accelerator facilities are in demand to expand research in particle and nuclear physics as well as for radiation effects testing. With current…
This work shows the development of a volume-produced negative ion source that consists of annular parallel plates driven by a 13.56 MHz capacitively coupled radio frequency in a push-pull configuration. This source shows advantages in…
This paper outlines the many ways that the initial beam can be made for particle accelerators. Brief introductions to plasma physics and beam formation are given. Thermionic and photo emission electron guns, with both DC and Radio Frequency…
A one dimensional model of the magnetic multipole volume plasma source has been developed for use in intense ion/neutral atom beam injectors. The model uses plasma transport coefficients for particle and energy flow to create a detailed…
Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL have designed, built and operated the compact radiofrequency negative ion source NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization phase 1) with the aim of studying the production and acceleration of H- ions. In particular, NIO1…
We investigated the pressure dependence of gas flow and field ion intensity of a coaxial ion source operating at room temperature over a wide pressure range, testing various gases and ionisation voltages. Flow conductance measurements…
In the quasi-gasdynamic high-current ion source described in this work, the plasma is sustained by high-power millimeter-wave radiation under the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) condition. In such facilities, it is possible to achieve…
In the past three decades, the development of nuclear physics facilities for fundamental and applied science purposes has required an increasing current of multicharged ion beams. Multiple ionization implies the formation of dense and…
The history of the magnetron and Penning electrode geometry is briefly outlined. Plasma generation by electrical discharge-driven electron impact ionization is described and the basic physics of plasma and electrodes relevant to magnetron…
The vacuum arc ion source has evolved into a more or less standard laboratory tool for the production of high-current beams of metal ions, and is now used in a number of different embodiments at many laboratories around the world.…
A new H^- ion source has been installed successfully and will be used to serve the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). In this paper, we report various components of the ion source, including discharge chamber, temperature, cooling…