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Among its many uses, graphene shows significant promise for optical and optoelectronic applications. In particular, devices based on the photothermoelectric effect (PTE) in graphene can offer a strong and fast photoresponse with high…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-04 Aleandro Antidormi , Aron W. Cummings

Thermoelectric effects allow the generation of electrical power from waste heat and the electrical control of cooling and heating. Remarkably, these effects are also highly sensitive to the asymmetry in the density of states around the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-07-13 I. J. Vera-Marun , J. J. van den Berg , F. K. Dejene , B. J. van Wees

Graphene is considered as a promising platform for detectors of high-frequency radiation up to the terahertz (THz) range due to graphene$'$s superior electron mobility. Previously it has been shown that graphene field effect transistors…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-04 D. A. Bandurin , I. Gayduchencko , Y. Cao , M. Moskotin , A. Principi , I. V. Grigorieva , G. Goltsman , G. Fedorov , D. Svintsov

Although it was demonstrated that discrete molecular levels determine the sign and magnitude of the thermoelectric effect in single-molecule junctions, full electrostatic control of these levels has not been achieved to date. Here, we show…

We have investigated the energy loss of hot electrons in metallic graphene by means of GHz noise thermometry at liquid helium temperature. We observe the electronic temperature T / V at low bias in agreement with the heat diffusion to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-08-14 A. C. Betz , F. Vialla , D. Brunel , C. Voisin , M. Picher , A. Cavanna , A. Madouri , G. Fève , J. -M. Berroir , B. Plaçais , E. Pallecchi

Graphene is known to exhibit a pronounced photo-thermoelectric effect (PTE) in its in-plane carrier transport and attracting attention toward various optoelectronic applications. In this study, we demonstrate an out-of-plane PTE by…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-23 Sabin Park , Rai Moriya , Yijin Zhang , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Tomoki Machida

Graphene is a promising candidate for optoelectronic applications such as photodetectors, terahertz imagers, and plasmonic devices. The origin of photoresponse in graphene junctions has been studied extensively and is attributed to either…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-01-30 Marcus Freitag , Tony Low , Fengnian Xia , Phaedon Avouris

We propose a method of measuring the electron temperature $T_e$ in mesoscopic conductors and demonstrate experimentally its applicability to micron-size graphene devices in the linear-response regime ($T_e\approx T$, the bath temperature).…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-04-29 K. Kechedzhi , D. W. Horsell , F. V. Tikhonenko , A. K. Savchenko , R. V. Gorbachev , I. V. Lerner , V. I. Fal'ko

Graphene is widely recognized for its ultrafast and broadband photocurrent response, but whether the broadband ultrafast characteristics are preserved at mid-infrared wavelengths with photon energies below the optical phonon energy remains…

We study hot-electron cooling by acoustic and optical phonons in monolayer MoS$_2$. The cooling power $P$ ($P_e = P/n$) is investigated as a function of electron temperature $T_e$ (0-500 $\mathrm{K}$) and carrier density $n$…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-04 Kristen Kaasbjerg , K. S. Bhargavi , S. S. Kubakaddi

One of the salient features of graphene is the very high carrier mobility that implies tremendous potential for use in electronic devices. Unfortunately, transport measurements find the expected high mobility only in freely suspended…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Søren Ulstrup , Marco Bianchi , Richard Hatch , Dandan Guan , Alessandro Baraldi , Dario Alfè , Liv Hornekær , Philip Hofmann

Photoexcitation of graphene leads to an interesting sequence of phenomena, some of which can be exploited in optoelectronic devices based on graphene. In particular, the efficient and ultrafast generation of an electron distribution with an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-04-24 K. J. Tielrooij , M. Massicotte , L. Piatkowski , A. Woessner , Q. Ma , P. Jarillo-Herrero , N. F. van Hulst , F. H. L. Koppens

Field-effect transistors coupled to integrated antennas (TeraFETs) are photodetectors being actively developed for the THz frequency range ($\sim$ 100 GHz - 10 THz). Among them, Graphene TeraFETs (G-TeraFETs) have demonstrated distinctive…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Florian Ludwig , Andrey Generalov , Jakob Holstein , Anton Murros , Klaara Viisanen , Mika Prunnila , Hartmut G. Roskos

The electronic Seebeck response in a conductor involves the energy-dependent mean free path of the charge carriers and is affected by crystal structure, scattering from boundaries and defects, and strain. Previous photothermoelectric (PTE)…

The dependence of the photocurrent generated in a Pd/graphene/Ti junction device on the incident photon polarization is studied. Spatially resolved photocurrent images were obtained as the incident photon polarization is varied. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-09-30 Minjung Kim , Ho Ang Yoon , Seungwoo Woo , Duhee Yoon , Sang Wook Lee , Hyeonsik Cheong

We present measurements of the cooling length $\ell_E$ for hot electrons in a GaAs-based high mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). The thermal measurements are performed on a long 60 $\mu$m-wide channel, which is Joule-heated at…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 A. K. Jain , J. T. Nicholls , S. N. Holmes , G. Jaliel , C. Chen , I. Farrer , D. A. Ritchie

Understanding the dynamics of photoexcited carriers is essential for advancing photoelectronic device design. Photon absorption generates electron-hole pairs, and subsequent scatterings can induce ultrafast thermalization within a…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-14 Zhuoqun Wen , Haiyu Zhu , Wenhao Liu , Zhi Wang , Wen Xiong , Xingzhan Wei

Electron-electron (e-e) collisions can impact transport in a variety of surprising and sometimes counterintuitive ways. Despite strong interest, experiments on the subject proved challenging because of the simultaneous presence of different…

We present a theory for the electron-temperature dependence $T_{el}$ of optical second harmonic generation (SHG). Such an analysis is required to study the dynamics of metallic systems with many hot electrons not at equilibrium with the…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 T. A. Luce , W. Huebner , K. H. Bennemann

In the emergent field of quantum technology, the ability to manage heat at the nanoscale and in cryogenic conditions is crucial for enhancing device performance in terms of noise, coherence, and sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate the active…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Federico Paolucci , Federica Bianco , Francesco Giazotto , Stefano Roddaro