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Gallagher's theorem is a sharpening and extension of the Littlewood conjecture that holds for almost all tuples of real numbers. We provide a fibre refinement, solving a problem posed by Beresnevich, Haynes and Velani in 2015. Hitherto,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Sam Chow , Niclas Technau

In this paper, we introduce an algebro-geometric formulation for Faltings' theorem on diophantine approximation on abelian varieties using an improvement of Faltings-Wustholz observation over number fields. In fact, we prove that, for any…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-05 Arash Rastegar

For any pencil of conics or higher-dimensional quadrics over the rationals, with all degenerate fibres defined over the rationals, we show that the Brauer-Manin obstruction controls weak approximation. The proof is based on the Hasse…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-17 Tim Browning , Lilian Matthiesen , Alexei Skorobogatov

Cut and project sets are obtained by taking an irrational slice of a lattice and projecting it to a lower dimensional subspace, and are fully characterised by the shape of the slice (window) and the choice of the lattice. In this context we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Henna Koivusalo , Jean Lagacé , Michael Björklund , Tobias Hartnick

This is an exposition of a class of problems and results on the number of integral points close to plane curves. We give a detailed proof of a theorem of Huxley and Sargos, following the account of Bordell\`es. Along the way we correct an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-03 ZiAn Zhao

We prove upper bounds on the number of rational points on transcendental curves in arbitrary $1$-h-minimal fields, similar to the Pila--Wilkie counting theorem in the o-minimal setting. These results extend results due to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Floris Vermeulen

Wirsing's theorem on approximating algebraic numbers by algebraic numbers of bounded degree is a generalization of Roth's theorem in Diophantine approximation. We study variations of Wirsing's theorem where the inequality in the theorem is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-20 Aaron Levin

We show that, conditional on Zywina's effective version of the Serre uniformity conjecture, there is a natural way to parameterize non-CM $\mathbb{Q}$-rational points on all modular curves in terms of the rational points on finitely many…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Maarten Derickx , Sachi Hashimoto , Filip Najman , Ari Shnidman

Considering simultaneous approximation to three numbers, we study the geometry of the sequence of best approximations. We provide a sharper lower bound for the ratio between ordinary and uniform exponent of Diophantine approximation,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-18 Antoine Marnat , Nikolay Moshchevitin

We associate certain curves over function fields to given algebraic power series and show that bounds on the rank of Kodaira-Spencer map of this curves imply bounds on the exponents of the power series, with more generic curves giving lower…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Minhyong Kim , Dinesh S. Thakur , José Felipe Voloch

In this paper, we consider elliptic curves induced by rational Diophantine quadruples, i.e. sets of four nonzero rationals such that the product of any two of them plus 1 is a perfect square. We show that for each of the groups…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Andrej Dujella , Gökhan Soydan

We establish sharp lower and upper bounds for the number of integral points near dilations of a space curve with nowhere vanishing torsion.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-19 Jing-Jing Huang

This paper is a continuation of our analysis, begun in arXiv:1310.2276, of the rational solutions of the inhomogeneous Painleve-II equation and associated rational solutions of the homogeneous coupled Painleve-II system in the limit of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-06-19 Robert J. Buckingham , Peter D. Miller

In this article, we are interested in finding rational points on certain superelliptic curves.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Kalyan Banerjee , Kalyan Chakraborty , Ankita Das

Let $\mathcal{X}$ be a projective irreducible nonsingular algebraic curve defined over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$. This paper presents a variation of the St\"orh-Voloch theory and sets new bounds to the number of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-18 Nazar Arakelian , Herivelto Borges

We generalize the work of Dem'janenko and Silverman for the Fermat quartics, effectively determining the rational points on the curves $x^{2m}+ax^m+ay^m+y^{2m}=b$ whenever the ranks of some companion hyperelliptic Jacobians are at most one.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-08-22 Wade Hindes

We exploit dynamical properties of diagonal actions to derive results in Diophantine approximations. In particular, we prove that the continued fraction expansion of almost any point on the middle third Cantor set (with respect to the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-01-21 Manfred Einsiedler , Lior Fishman , Uri Shapira

A point (x1, x2) with coordinates in a subfield of R of transcendence degree one over Q, with 1, x1, x2 linearly independent over Q, may have a uniform exponent of approximation by elements of Q^2 that is strictly larger than the lower…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-22 Damien Roy

A rational approximation by a ratio of polynomial functions is a flexible alternative to polynomial approximation. In particular, rational functions exhibit accurate estimations to nonsmooth and non- Lipschitz functions, where polynomial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-27 V. Peiris , N. Sharon , N. Sukhorukova J. Ugon

The aim of this paper is to prove the possibility of linearization of such equations by means of introduction of new variables. For $n=2$ such a procedure is well known, when new variables are components of spinors and they are widely used…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael A. Ivanov