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The surface code is one the most promising alternatives for implementing fault-tolerant, large-scale quantum information processing. Its high threshold for single-qubit errors under stochastic noise is one of its most attrative features. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-29 Pejman Jouzdani , E. Novais , I. S. Tupitsyn , Eduardo R. Mucciolo

We study the fidelity of the surface code in the presence of correlated errors induced by the coupling of physical qubits to a bosonic environment. By mapping the time evolution of the system after one quantum error correction cycle onto a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-10 E. Novais , Eduardo R. Mucciolo

We study the dependence of the fidelity of the surface code in the presence of a single finite-temperature massless bosonic environment after a quantum error correction cycle. The three standard types of environment are considered:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-27 E. Novais , A. J. Stanforth , Eduardo R. Mucciolo

We study the resilience of the surface code to decoherence caused by the presence of a bosonic bath. This approach allows us to go beyond the standard stochastic error model commonly used to quantify decoherence and error threshold…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-02 P. Jouzdani , E. Novais , E. R. Mucciolo

The surface code represents a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computation due to its high error threshold and experimental accessibility with nearest-neighbor interactions. However, current exact surface code threshold…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 SiYing Wang , ZhiXin Xia , Yue Yan , Xiang-Bin Wang

The surface code is a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computation, achieving a high threshold error rate with nearest-neighbor gates in two spatial dimensions. Here, through a series of numerical simulations, we investigate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-18 Ashley M. Stephens

Topological quantum error correction codes are known to be able to tolerate arbitrary local errors given sufficient qubits. This includes correlated errors involving many local qubits. In this work, we quantify this level of tolerance,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-13 Austin G. Fowler , John M. Martinis

Surface codes are promising for practical quantum error correction due to their high threshold and experimental feasibility. However, their performance under realistic noise conditions, particularly those involving correlated errors,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 SiYing Wang , Yue Yan , ZhiXin Xia , Xiang-Bin Wang

In ideal quantum circuits, qubits are tacitly assumed to be uniformly fabricated and operated by prescribed signals. In reality, however, we must cope with different control signals to adjust individual qubits, which requires a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-15 Tetsufumi Tanamoto , Masahito Ueda

Surface codes based on stabilizer circuits may pave the way for large scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. The surface code uses only single- and two-qubit gates and the error threshold falls close to 1% for a large range of errors.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-28 H. W. L. Naus , R. Versluis

We investigate the resilience of silicon-based spin qubits against non-Markovian noise within the framework of quantum error correction. We consider a realistic non-Markovian noise model that affects both the Larmor frequency and exchange…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Oscar Gravier , Thomas Ayral , Benoît Vermersch , Tristan Meunier , Valentin Savin

The surface code is a quantum error-correcting code for one logical qubit, protected by spatially localized parity checks in two dimensions. Due to fundamental constraints from spatial locality, storing more logical qubits requires either…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Yifan Hong , Matteo Marinelli , Adam M. Kaufman , Andrew Lucas

The realization of fault-tolerant quantum computers hinges on effective quantum error correction protocols, whose performance significantly relies on the nature of the underlying noise. In this work, we directly study the structure of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 John F Kam , Spiro Gicev , Kavan Modi , Angus Southwell , Muhammad Usman

The surface code is a powerful quantum error correcting code that can be defined on a 2-D square lattice of qubits with only nearest neighbor interactions. Syndrome and data qubits form a checkerboard pattern. Information about errors is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Austin G. Fowler , David S. Wang , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

The realization of quantum error correction is an essential ingredient for reaching the full potential of fault-tolerant universal quantum computation. Using a range of different schemes, logical qubits can be redundantly encoded in a set…

A common approach to studying the performance of quantum error correcting codes is to assume independent and identically distributed single-qubit errors. However, the available experimental data shows that realistic errors in modern…

The surface code, one of the leading candidates for quantum error correction, is known to protect encoded quantum information against stochastic, i.e., incoherent errors. The protection against coherent errors, such as from unwanted gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

We estimate optimal thresholds for surface code in the presence of loss via an analytical method developed in statistical physics. The optimal threshold for the surface code is closely related to a special critical point in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Masayuki Ohzeki

The surface code is a many-body quantum system, and simulating it in generic conditions is computationally hard. While the surface code is believed to have a high threshold, the numerical simulations used to establish this threshold are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Andrew S. Darmawan , David Poulin

We study how well topological quantum codes can tolerate coherent noise caused by systematic unitary errors such as unwanted $Z$-rotations. Our main result is an efficient algorithm for simulating quantum error correction protocols based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Sergey Bravyi , Matthias Englbrecht , Robert Koenig , Nolan Peard
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