Related papers: Two Proofs of Fine's Theorem
A well-known discovery of Feige's is the following: Let $X_1, \ldots, X_n$ be nonnegative independent random variables, with $\mathbb{E}[X_i] \leq 1 \;\forall i$, and let $X = \sum_{i=1}^n X_i$. Then for any $n$, \[\Pr[X < \mathbb{E}[X] +…
Violation of the CHSH inequality supposedly demonstrates an irreconcilable conflict between quantum mechanics and local, realistic hidden variable theories. We show that the mathematical assumptions underlying the proof of the CHSH…
Recently we have introduced a novel characterisation of the distribution of twin primes that consists of three essential elements. These are: that the twins are most naturally viewed as a subsequence of the primes themselves, that the…
The dual Minkowski problem for even data asks what are the necessary and sufficient conditions on an even prescribed measure on the unit sphere for it to be the $q$-th dual curvature measure of an origin-symmetric convex body in…
We give simple proofs, under minimal hypotheses, of the Weak Law of Large Numbers and the Central Limit Theorem for independent identically distributed random variables. These proofs use only the elementary calculus, together with the most…
We investigate a state discrimination problem which interpolates minimum-error and unambiguous discrimination by introducing a margin for the probability of error. We closely analyze discrimination of two pure states with general occurrence…
We study the problem of constructing a probability density in 2N-dimensional phase space which reproduces a given collection of $n$ joint probability distributions as marginals. Only distributions authorized by quantum mechanics, i.e.…
We prove versions of Khintchine's Theorem (1924) for approximations by rational numbers whose numerators lie in randomly chosen sets of integers, and we explore the extent to which the monotonicity assumption can be removed. Roughly…
The fundamental theorem in the theory of the uniform convergence of sine series is due to Chaundy and Jolliffe from 1916 (see [1]). Several authors gave conditions for this problem supposing that coefficients are monotone, non-negative or…
Let $\mu$ be a probability measure on $\mathbb{R}^n$ with a bounded density $f$. We prove that the marginals of $f$ on most subspaces are well-bounded. For product measures, studied recently by Rudelson and Vershynin, our results show there…
We prove weak laws of large numbers and central limit theorems of Lindeberg type for empirical centres of mass (empirical Fr\'echet means) of independent non-identically distributed random variables taking values in Riemannian manifolds. In…
In this paper we provide a simple proof of the fact that for a system of two spin-1/2 particles, and for a choice of observables, there is a unique state which shows Hardy-type nonlocality. Moreover, an explicit expression for the…
Any stretching of Ringel's non-Pappus pseudoline arrangement when projected into the Euclidean plane, implicitly contains a particular arrangement of nine triangles. This arrangement has a complex constraint involving the sines of its…
A family of local models containing two angles as hidden variables is defined for experiments measuring polarization correlation of optical photons. Searching for the best model of the family, that is giving predictions most close to…
Uniform polynomial approximation, also called minimax approximation or Chebyshev approximation, consists in searching polynomial approximation that minimizes the worst case error. Optimality conditions for the uniform approximation of…
Deciding the positivity of a sequence defined by a linear recurrence with polynomial coefficients and initial condition is difficult in general. Even in the case of recurrences with constant coefficients, it is known to be decidable only…
We consider a binary sequence generated by thresholding a hidden continuous sequence. The hidden variables are assumed to have a compound symmetry covariance structure with a single parameter characterizing the common correlation. We study…
In this letter we study the weak-convergence properties of random variables generated by unsharp quantum measurements. More precisely, for a sequence of random variables generated by repeated unsharp quantum measurements, we study the limit…
This paper furthers the long historical examination of and debate on the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM) by presenting two local hidden variable (LHV) rules in the context of the EPRB experiment which violate Bell's inequality, but…
Bivariate count data arise in several different disciplines (epidemiology, marketing, sports statistics, etc., to name but a few) and the bivariate Poisson distribution which is a generalization of the Poisson distribution plays an…