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Consider large signal-plus-noise data matrices of the form $S + \Sigma^{1/2} X$, where $S$ is a low-rank deterministic signal matrix and the noise covariance matrix $\Sigma$ can be anisotropic. We establish the asymptotic joint distribution…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Zeqin Lin , Guangming Pan , Peng Zhao , Jia Zhou

We compute the Tracy-Widom distribution describing the asymptotic distribution of the largest eigenvalue of a large random matrix by solving a boundary-value problem posed by Bloemendal in his Ph.D. Thesis (2011). The distribution is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Thomas Trogdon , Yiting Zhang

There are a number of mathematical formalisms of the term "outlier" in statistics, though there is no consensus on what the right notion ought to be. Accordingly, we try to give a consistent and robust definition for a specific type of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-27 Ahmet Zahid Balcıoğlu , Oğuz Gürerk

We revisit the outlier hypothesis testing framework of Li \emph{et al.} (TIT 2014) and derive fundamental limits for the optimal test under the generalized Neyman-Pearson criterion. In outlier hypothesis testing, one is given multiple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Lin Zhou , Yun Wei , Alfred Hero

In this paper we study random matrix models where the matrices in question contain infinitely many spikes. Recent work has characterized the possible outliers in the spectrum of large deformed unitarily invariant models when the number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-03 Brady Thompson

We define outliers as a set of observations which contradicts the proposed mathematical (statistical) model and we discuss the frequently observed types of the outliers. Further we explore what changes in the model have to be made in order…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-01-25 Lev B. Klebanov , Jaromir Antoch , Andrea Karlova , Ashot V. Kakosyan

Outlier detection has gained increasing interest in recent years, due to newly emerging technologies and the huge amount of high-dimensional data that are now available. Outlier detection can help practitioners to identify unwanted noise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-20 Mads Lindskou , Torben Tvedebrink , Poul Svante Eriksen , Niels Morling

We study the averaged product of characteristic polynomials of large random matrices in the Gaussian beta-ensemble perturbed by an external source of finite rank. We prove that at the edge of the spectrum, the limiting correlations involve…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-04-15 Patrick Desrosiers , Dang-Zheng Liu

The large sieve inequality is equivalent to the bound $\lambda_1 \leqslant N + Q^2-1$ for the largest eigenvalue $\lambda_1$ of the $N$ by $N$ matrix $A^{\star} A$, naturally associated to the positive definite quadratic form arising in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-18 Florin P. Boca , Maksym Radziwiłł

We study the properties of the eigenvalues of real random matrices and their products. It is known that when the matrix elements are Gaussian-distributed independent random variables, the fraction of real eigenvalues tends to unity as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-01-13 Sajna Hameed , Kavita Jain , Arul Lakshminarayan

We consider the eigenvectors of the principal minor of dimension $n< N$ of the Dyson Brownian motion in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ and investigate their asymptotic overlaps with the eigenvectors of the full matrix in the limit of large dimension. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Elie Attal , Romain Allez

Non-Hermitian random matrices with statistical spectral characteristics beyond the standard Ginibre ensembles have recently emerged in the description of dissipative quantum many-body systems as well as in non-ergodic wave transport in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Gernot Akemann , Yan V. Fyodorov , Dmitry V. Savin

We consider a class of sparse random matrices, which includes the adjacency matrix of Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi graph ${\bf G}(N,p)$. For $N^{-1+o(1)}\leq p\leq 1/2$, we show that the non-trivial edge eigenvectors are asymptotically jointly normal.…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Yukun He , Jiaoyang Huang , Chen Wang

The presence of outliers is prevalent in machine learning applications and may produce misleading results. In this paper a new method for dealing with outliers and anomal samples is proposed. To overcome the outlier issue, the proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-05 Parsa Bagherzadeh , Hadi Sadoghi Yazdi

In a network meta-analysis, some of the collected studies may deviate markedly from the others, for example having very unusual effect sizes. These deviating studies can be regarded as outlying with respect to the rest of the network and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-11 Silvia Metelli , Dimitris Mavridis , Perrine Créquit , Anna Chaimani

It is shown that certain ensembles of random matrices with entries that vanish outside a band around the diagonal satisfy a localization condition on the resolvent which guarantees that eigenvectors have strong overlap with a vanishing…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-06-29 Jeffrey Schenker

We consider the edge statistics of large dimensional deformed rectangular matrices of the form $Y_t=Y+\sqrt{t}X,$ where $Y$ is a $p \times n$ deterministic signal matrix whose rank is comparable to $n$, $X$ is a $p\times n$ random noise…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-25 Xiucai Ding , Fan Yang

We study delocalization of null vectors and eigenvectors of random matrices with i.i.d entries. Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ random matrix with i.i.d real subgaussian entries of zero mean and unit variance. We show that with probability at…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-19 Anna Lytova , Konstantin Tikhomirov

I present here some results on the statistical behaviour of large random matrices in an ensemble where the probability distribution is not a function of the eigenvalues only. The perturbative expansion can be cast in a closed form and the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-02-03 Giorgio Parisi

We consider a random matrix whose entries are independent Gaussian variables taking values in the field of quaternions with variance $1/n$. Using logarithmic potential theory, we prove the almost sure convergence, as the dimension $n$ goes…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-05 Florent Benaych-Georges , Francois Chapon