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In the first part, we introduce a notion a degree of edge-colorings of bicubic plane graphs and proves some local formula of the graded number of colorings. In the second part, we give a new proof of a result of Fisk saying that any two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-03 Louis-Hadrien Robert

A coloring of a graph is an assignment of colors to its vertices such that adjacent vertices have different colors. Two colorings are equivalent if they induce the same partition of the vertex set into color classes. Let $\mathcal{A}(G)$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Alain Hertz , Hadrien Mélot , Sébastien Bonte , Gauvain Devillez , Pierre Hauweele

The $\lambda$-backbone coloring of the graph $G$ with backbone $H$ is a graph-coloring problem in which we are given a graph $G$ and a subgraph $H$, and we want to assign colors to vertices in such a way that the endpoints of every edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Krzysztof Michalik , Krzysztof Turowski

If $k\geq 0$, then a $k$-edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to edges of $G$ from the set of $k$ colors, so that adjacent edges receive different colors. A $k$-edge-colorable subgraph of $G$ is maximum if it is the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Liana Karapetyan , Vahan Mkrtchyan

A star edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring with no $2$-colored path or cycle of length four. The star chromatic index $\chi'_{st}(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum number $t$ for which $G$ has a star edge coloring with $t$ colors. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-12 Carl Johan Casselgren , Jonas B. Granholm , André Raspaud

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,...,t$ is called an interval $t$-coloring if all colors are used, and the colors of edges incident to any vertex of $G$ are distinct and form an interval of integers. In 1991 Erd\H{o}s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-21 Petros A. Petrosyan , Hrant H. Khachatrian

\textit{Total Coloring} of a graph is a major coloring problem in combinatorial mathematics, introduced in the early $1960$s. A \textit{total coloring} of a graph $G$ is a map $f:V(G) \cup E(G) \rightarrow \mathcal{K}$, where $\mathcal{K}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-18 T Srinivasa Murthy

A matching $M$ in a graph $G$ is {\em semistrong} if every edge of $M$ has an endvertex of degree one in the subgraph induced by the vertices of $M$. A {\em semistrong edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a proper edge-coloring in which every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Borut Lužar , Martina Mockovčiaková , Roman Soták

Let $C \subseteq [r]^m$ be a code such that any two words of $C$ have Hamming distance at least $t$. It is not difficult to see that determining a code $C$ with the maximum number of words is equivalent to finding the largest $n$ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-17 Patrick Bennett , Andrzej Dudek , Elliot Laforge

A graph is $(c_1, c_2, ..., c_k)$-colorable if the vertex set can be partitioned into $k$ sets $V_1,V_2, ..., V_k$, such that for every $i: 1\leq i\leq k$ the subgraph $G[V_i]$ has maximum degree at most $c_i$. We show that every planar…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-17 Owen Hill , Gexin Yu

The chromatic index of a cubic graph is either 3 or 4. Edge-Kempe switching, which can be used to transform edge-colorings, is here considered for 3-edge-colorings of cubic graphs. Computational results for edge-Kempe switching of cubic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Jan Goedgebeur , Patric R. J. Östergård

A coloring of vertices of a graph is called perfect if, for every vertex, the collection of colors of its neighbors depends only on its own color. The correspondent color partition of vertices is called equitable. We note that a number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-16 Vladimir N. Potapov

We consider Kempe changes on the $k$-colorings of a graph on $n$ vertices. If the graph is $(k-1)$-degenerate, then all its $k$-colorings are equivalent up to Kempe changes. However, the sequence between two $k$-colorings that arises from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Marthe Bonamy , Vincent Delecroix , Clément Legrand-Duchesne

A strong edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring in which every color class is an induced matching. The strong chromatic index $\chi_s'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colors in a strong edge coloring of $G$. Let…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Tao Wang , Xiaodan Zhao

The total chromatic number, $\chi''(G)$ is the minimum number of colors which need to be assigned to obtain a total coloring of the graph $G$. The Total Coloring Conjecture (TCC) made independently by Behzad and Vizing that for any graph,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-01 R. Navaneeth , J. Geetha , K. Somasundaram , Hung-Lin Fu

The reconfiguration graph $\mathcal{C}_k(G)$ for the $k$-colourings of a graph $G$ has a vertex for each proper $k$-colouring of $G$, and two vertices of $\mathcal{C}_k(G)$ are adjacent precisely when those $k$-colourings differ on a single…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Stijn Cambie , Wouter Cames van Batenburg , Daniel W. Cranston

Let $G$ be a graph such that each edge has its list of available colors, and assume that each list is a subset of the common set consisting of $k$ colors. Suppose that we are given two list edge-colorings $f_0$ and $f_r$ of $G$, and asked…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Hiroki Osawa , Akira Suzuki , Takehiro Ito , Xiao Zhou

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,2,\ldots,t$ is called an interval $t$-coloring if for each $i\in \{1,2,\ldots,t\}$ there is at least one edge of $G$ colored by $i$, and the colors of edges incident to any vertex of $G$ are…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-08-13 R. R. Kamalian , P. A. Petrosyan

Let $G$ be a 4-chromatic maximal planar graph (MPG) with the minimum degree of at least 4 and let $C$ be an even-length cycle of $G$.If $|f(C)|=2$ for every $f$ in some Kempe equivalence class of $G$, then we call $C$ an unchanged…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Jin Xu

For a graph G and an integer t we let mcc_t(G) be the smallest m such that there exists a coloring of the vertices of G by t colors with no monochromatic connected subgraph having more than m vertices. Let F be any nontrivial minor-closed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. Linial , J. Matousek , O. Sheffet , G. Tardos
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