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Markov models lie at the interface between statistical independence in a probability distribution and graph separation properties. We review model selection and estimation in directed and undirected Markov models with Gaussian…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-03 Irene Córdoba , Concha Bielza , Pedro Larrañaga

Graphical Markov models use graphs, either undirected, directed, or mixed, to represent possible dependences among statistical variables. Applications of undirected graphs (UDGs) include models for spatial dependence and image analysis,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Steen A. Andersson , David Madigan , Michael D. Perlman

Compositional graphoids are fundamental discrete structures which appear in probabilistic reasoning, particularly in the area of graphical models. They are semigraphoids which satisfy the Intersection and Composition properties. These…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Tobias Boege

Predictive constructions are a powerful way of characterizing the probability law of stochastic processes with certain forms of invariance, such as exchangeability or Markov exchangeability. When de Finetti-like representation theorems are…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-16 Sandra Fortini , Sonia Petrone

We formalize constraint-based structure learning of the "true" causal graph from observed data when unobserved variables are also existent. We provide conditions for a "natural" family of constraint-based structure-learning algorithms that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-10 Kayvan Sadeghi , Terry Soo

We propose a method for learning Markov network structures for continuous data without invoking any assumptions about the distribution of the variables. The method makes use of previous work on a non-parametric estimator for mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Janne Leppä-aho , Santeri Räisänen , Xiao Yang , Teemu Roos

In this paper, we consider Gaussian models Markov with respect to an arbitrary DAG. We first construct a family of conjugate priors for the Cholesky parametrization of the covariance matrix of such models. This family has as many shape…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-09 Emanuel Ben-David , Tianxi Li , Helene Massam , Bala Rajaratnam

We describe structural properties of strongly connected finite directed graphs, that are invariants of the topological conjugacy of their Markov-Dyck shifts. For strongly connected finite directed graphs with these properties topological…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-06-11 Toshihiro Hamachi , Wolfgang Krieger

Theory of graphical models has matured over more than three decades to provide the backbone for several classes of models that are used in a myriad of applications such as genetic mapping of diseases, credit risk evaluation, reliability and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-13 Henrik Nyman , Johan Pensar , Timo Koski , Jukka Corander

Undirected graphical models, or Markov networks, are a popular class of statistical models, used in a wide variety of applications. Popular instances of this class include Gaussian graphical models and Ising models. In many settings,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-08 Eunho Yang , Pradeep Ravikumar , Genevera I. Allen , Zhandong Liu

Acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs) are graphs that contain directed ($\rightarrow$) and bidirected ($\leftrightarrow$) edges, subject to the constraint that there are no cycles of directed edges. Such graphs may be used to represent the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-08-15 Robin J. Evans , Thomas S. Richardson

A graphical model encodes conditional independence relations via the Markov properties. For an undirected graph these conditional independence relations can be represented by a simple polytope known as the graph associahedron, which can be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-08 Fatemeh Mohammadi , Caroline Uhler , Charles Wang , Josephine Yu

Gaussian graphical models provide a powerful framework to reveal the conditional dependency structure between multivariate variables. The process of uncovering the conditional dependency network is known as structure learning. Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-30 Lucas Vogels , Reza Mohammadi , Marit Schoonhoven , S. Ilker Birbil

We extend Andersson-Madigan-Perlman chain graphs by (i) relaxing the semidirected acyclity constraint so that only directed cycles are forbidden, and (ii) allowing up to two edges between any pair of nodes. We introduce global, and ordered…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-22 Jose M. Peña

We introduce a novel class of labeled directed acyclic graph (LDAG) models for finite sets of discrete variables. LDAGs generalize earlier proposals for allowing local structures in the conditional probability distribution of a node, such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-12 Johan Pensar , Henrik Nyman , Timo Koski , Jukka Corander

Diagonalizability plays an important role in the analysis and design of multivariable systems. A structured matrix is called structurally diagonalizable if almost all of its numerical realizations, obtained by assigning real values to its…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Yuan Zhang , Yutong Han , Yuanqing Xia , Aming Li

Learning the causal structure that underlies data is a crucial step towards robust real-world decision making. The majority of existing work in causal inference focuses on determining a single directed acyclic graph (DAG) or a Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yashas Annadani , Jonas Rothfuss , Alexandre Lacoste , Nino Scherrer , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Stefan Bauer

In this paper, we use the theory of Riordan matrices to introduce the notion of a Riordan graph. The Riordan graphs are a far-reaching generalization of the well known and well studied Pascal graphs and Toeplitz graphs, and also some other…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-16 Gi-Sang Cheon , Ji-Hwan Jung , Sergey Kitaev , Seyed Ahmad Mojallal

A set of independence statements may define the independence structure of interest in a family of joint probability distributions. This structure is often captured by a graph that consists of nodes representing the random variables and of…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-07-15 Nanny Wermuth

The main contribution of this article is a new prior distribution over directed acyclic graphs, which gives larger weight to sparse graphs. This distribution is intended for structured Bayesian networks, where the structure is given by an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-28 Felix L. Rios , John M. Noble , Timo J. T. Koski