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There are many methods developed to approximate a cloud of vectors embedded in high-dimensional space by simpler objects: starting from principal points and linear manifolds to self-organizing maps, neural gas, elastic maps, various types…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-01 E. M. Mirkes , A. Zinovyev , A. N. Gorban

Quantum software plays a critical role in exploiting the full potential of quantum computing systems. As a result, it is drawing increasing attention recently. As research in quantum programming reaches maturity with a number of active…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Jianjun Zhao

Modern computing systems have led cyber adversaries to create more sophisticated malware than was previously available in the early days of technology. Dated detection techniques such as Anti-Virus Software (AVS) based on signature-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Darren Cobian

Project Management process plays a critical role in managing factors such as cost, time, technology and personnel towards achieving the success of a project and henceforth the sustainability of the company in the industrial market. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-08-01 Shashi Kumar N. R. , T. R. Gopalakrishnan Nair , Suma V

Class imbalance in data presents significant challenges for classification tasks. It is fairly common and requires careful handling to obtain desirable performance. Traditional classification algorithms become biased toward the majority…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Asif Newaz , Asif Ur Rahman Adib , Taskeed Jabid

Code Sensitivity refers to the ability of Code LLMs to recognize and respond to details changes in problem descriptions. While current code benchmarks and instruction data focus on difficulty and diversity, sensitivity is overlooked. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Xianzhen Luo , Qingfu Zhu , Zhiming Zhang , Mingzheng Xu , Tianhao Cheng , Yixuan Wang , Zheng Chu , Shijie Xuyang , Zhiyuan Ma , YuanTao Fan , Wanxiang Che

Unlike code generation, which involves creating code from scratch, code completion focuses on integrating new lines or blocks of code into an existing codebase. This process requires a deep understanding of the surrounding context, such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Hangzhan Jin , Mohammad Hamdaqa

Complex systems are found in most branches of science. It is still argued how to best quantify their complexity and to what end. One prominent measure of complexity (the statistical complexity) has an operational meaning in terms of the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-10-24 Karoline Wiesner , Mile Gu , Elisabeth Rieper , Vlatko Vedral

Modularity is a desirable characteristic for software systems. In this article we propose to use a quantitative method from complex network sciences to estimate the coherence between the modularity of the dependency network of large open…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-03-04 Marcelo Serrano Zanetti , Frank Schweitzer

Complex Networks are a good approach to find internal relationships and represent the structure of classes in a dataset then they are used for High Level Classification. Previous works use K-Nearest Neighbors to build each Complex Network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Josimar Chire

Class-wise characteristics of training examples affect the performance of deep classifiers. A well-studied example is when the number of training examples of classes follows a long-tailed distribution, a situation that is likely to yield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Z. S. Baltaci , K. Oksuz , S. Kuzucu , K. Tezoren , B. K. Konar , A. Ozkan , E. Akbas , S. Kalkan

While intuitive for humans, the concept of visual complexity is hard to define and quantify formally. We suggest adopting the multi-scale structural complexity (MSSC) measure, an approach that defines structural complexity of an object as…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-09 Anna Kravchenko , Andrey A. Bagrov , Mikhail I. Katsnelson , Veronica Dudarev

Modern Code Review (MCR) is a standard in all kinds of organizations that develop software. MCR pays for itself through perceived and proven benefits in quality assurance and knowledge transfer. However, the time invest in MCR is generally…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Robert Heumüller

There exists no comprehensive metric for describing the complexity of Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) sequences. This lack of metrics decreases explainability, complicates comparison of datasets, and reduces the conversation on tracker…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Malte Pedersen , Joakim Bruslund Haurum , Patrick Dendorfer , Thomas B. Moeslund

Software code quality is a construct with three dimensions: maintainability, reliability, and functionality. Although many firms have incorporated code quality metrics in their operations, evaluating these metrics still lacks consistent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Siyuan Jin , Mianmian Zhang , Yekai Guo , Yuejiang He , Ziyuan Li , Bichao Chen , Bing Zhu , Yong Xia

In complex networks, each node has some unique characteristics that define the importance of the node based on the given application-specific context. These characteristics can be identified using various centrality metrics defined in the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Akrati Saxena , Sudarshan Iyengar

Software metrics capture information about software development processes and products. These metrics support decision-making, e.g., in team management or dependency selection. However, existing metrics tools measure only a snapshot of a…

Background: Developers spend a lot of their time on understanding source code. Static code analysis tools can draw attention to code that is difficult for developers to understand. However, most of the findings are based on non-validated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Marvin Muñoz Barón , Marvin Wyrich , Stefan Wagner

Component-Based Development (CBD) is a popular approach to mitigating the costs of creating software systems. However, it is not clear to what extent the core component selection and adaptation activities of CBD can be implemented to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Todd Wareham , Marieke Sweers

Depth is a complexity measure for natural systems of the kind studied in statistical physics and is defined in terms of computational complexity. Depth quantifies the length of the shortest parallel computation required to construct a…

Popular Physics · Physics 2011-11-14 Jon Machta