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Contemporary quantum computers have relatively high levels of noise, making it difficult to use them to perform useful calculations, even with a large number of qubits. Quantum error correction is expected to eventually enable…

Virtual distillation is an error-mitigation technique that reduces quantum-computation errors without assuming the noise type. In scenarios where the user of a quantum circuit is required to additionally employ peripherals, such as delay…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 Yong Siah Teo , Seongwook Shin , Hyukgun Kwon , Seok-Hyung Lee , Hyunseok Jeong

Quantum information processing systems are often operated through time dependent controls; choosing these controls in a way that makes the resulting operation insensitive to variations in unknown or uncontrollable system parameters is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Janus H. Wesenberg

One of the major challenges in realizing fault-tolerant quantum computers (FTQCs) is the requirement for a large number of physical qubits. To address this issue, high-rate quantum error correcting codes, which efficiently embed logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Kohei Yamamoto , Keisuke Fujii

We formulate a scheme for fault-tolerant quantum computation that works effectively against highly biased noise, where dephasing is far stronger than all other types of noise. In our scheme, the fundamental operations performed by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-21 Panos Aliferis , John Preskill

Developing quantum computers for real-world applications requires understanding theoretical sources of quantum advantage and applying those insights to design more powerful machines. Toward that end, we introduce a high-fidelity gate set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Alexander D. Hill , Mark J. Hodson , Nicolas Didier , Matthew J. Reagor

Quantum error correction is a cornerstone of reliable quantum computing, with surface codes emerging as a prominent method for protecting quantum information. Surface codes are efficient for Clifford gates but require magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Avimita Chatterjee , Archisman Ghosh , Swaroop Ghosh

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…

Fault-tolerant protocols enable large and precise quantum algorithms. Many such protocols rely on a feed-forward processing of data, enabled by a hybrid of quantum and classical logic. Representing the control structure of such programs can…

Error correcting codes protect quantum information and form the basis of fault tolerant quantum computing. Leading proposals for fault-tolerant quantum computation require codes with an exceedingly rare property, a transverse non-Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-12 Earl T. Campbell

Magic state distillation (MSD) is a cornerstone of fault-tolerant quantum computing, enabling non-Clifford gates via state injection into stabilizer circuits. However, the substantial overhead of current MSD protocols remains a major…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Muhammad Erew , Moshe Goldstein , Yaron Oz , Haim Suchowski

This paper introduces an algorithm designed to approximate quantum transformation matrix with a restricted number of gates by using the block decomposition technique. Addressing challenges posed by numerous gates in handling large qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Lai Kin Man , Xin Wang

In order to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation, we need to repeat the following sequence of four steps: First, perform 1 or 2 qubit quantum gates (in parallel if possible). Second, do a syndrome measurement on a subset of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Harry Buhrman , Marten Folkertsma , Bruno Loff , Niels M. P. Neumann

In this paper we outline a method for a compiler to translate any non fault tolerant quantum circuit to the geometric representation of the lattice surgery error-correcting code using inherent merge and split operations. Since the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-27 Daniel Herr , Franco Nori , Simon J. Devitt

It is commonly believed that decoherence is the main obstacle to quantum information processing. In contrast to this, we show how decoherence in the form of dissipation can improve the performance of certain quantum gates. As an example we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Almut Beige , Hugo Cable , Carsten Marr , Peter L. Knight

In this work, we report on a novel quantum gate approximation algorithm based on the application of parametric two-qubit gates in the synthesis process. The utilization of these parametric two-qubit gates in the circuit design allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Péter Rakyta , Zoltán Zimborás

Fault-tolerant implementation of non-Clifford gates is a major challenge for achieving universal fault-tolerant quantum computing with quantum error-correcting codes. Magic state distillation is the most well-studied method for this but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Seok-Hyung Lee , Felix Thomsen , Nicholas Fazio , Benjamin J. Brown , Stephen D. Bartlett

Quantum circuit synthesis describes the process of converting arbitrary unitary operations into a gate sequence of a fixed universal gate set, usually defined by the operations native to a given hardware platform. Most current synthesis…

Quantum computing hardware is affected by quantum noise that undermine the quality of results of an executed quantum program. Amongst other quantum noises, coherent error that caused by parameter drifting and miscalibration, remains…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xiangyu Ren , Junjie Wan , Zhiding Liang , Antonio Barbalace

As far as we know, a useful quantum computer will require fault-tolerant gates, and existing schemes demand a prohibitively large space and time overhead. We argue that a first generation quantum computer will be very valuable to design,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Pavithran S. Iyer , David Poulin