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Content: We present the results from $Suzaku$ observations of the merging cluster of galaxies CIZA J2242.8+5301 at $z$=0.192. Aims. To study the physics of gas heating and particle acceleration in cluster mergers, we investigated the X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-14 H. Akamatsu , R. J. van Weeren , G. A. Ogrean , H. Kawahara , A. Stroe , D. Sobral , M. Hoeft , H. Röttgering , M. Brüggen , J. S. Kaastra

The giant radio relic in CIZA J2242.8+5301 is likely evidence of a Mpc sized shock in a massive merging galaxy cluster. However, the exact shock properties are still not clearly determined. In particular, the Mach number derived from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-06 J. M. F. Donnert , A. M. Beck , K. Dolag , H. J. A. Röttgering

The galaxy cluster ZwCl 2341.1+0000 is a merging system at z=0.27, which hosts two radio relics and a central, faint, filamentary radio structure. The two radio relics have unusually flat integrated spectral indices of -0.49 +/- 0.18 and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 G. A. Ogrean , M. Brueggen , R. J. van Weeren , A. Burgmeier , A. Simionescu

Multiwavelength studies of radio relics at merger shocks set powerful constraints on the relics origin and formation mechanism. However, for X-ray observations, a main difficulty is represented by the low X-ray surface brightness far out in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 G. A. Ogrean , M. Brüggen , A. Simionescu , H. Röttgering , R. J. van Weeren , J. H. Croston , M. Hoeft

Previous studies have shown that CIZA J2242.8+5301 (the 'Sausage' cluster, $z=0.192$) is a massive merging galaxy cluster that hosts a radio halo and multiple relics. In this paper we present deep, high fidelity, low-frequency images made…

Knowledge of X-ray shock and radio relic connection in merging galaxy clusters has been greatly extended in terms of both observation and theory over the last decade. ZwCl 2341+0000 is a double-relic merging galaxy cluster; previous studies…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 X. Zhang , A. Simionescu , C. Stuardi , R. J. van Weeren , H. T. Intema , H. Akamatsu , J. de Plaa , J. S. Kaastra , A. Bonafede , M. Brüggen , J. ZuHone , Y. Ichinohe

The CIZA J2242.8+5301 cluster hosts an extraordinary, narrow, Mpc-wide, diffuse patch of radio emission tracing travelling shock waves, called a relic. We perform a multi-wavelength of observations of the cluster. We discover radio spectral…

We studied the intracluster medium of the galaxy cluster CIZA J2242.8+5301 using deep XMM-Newton observations. The cluster hosts a remarkable 2-Mpc long, ~50-kpc wide radio relic that has been nicknamed the "Sausage". A smaller, more…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Georgiana Ogrean , Marcus Brüggen , Huub Röttgering , Aurora Simionescu , Judith Croston , Reinout van Weeren , Matthias Hoeft

Some disturbed galaxy clusters host diffuse elongated radio sources, also called radio relics. It is proposed that these relics trace shock waves in the intracluster medium (ICM). Within the shock waves, generated by cluster merger events,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-04 R. J. van Weeren , H. T. Intema , H. J. A. Rottgering , M. Bruggen , M. Hoeft

We present a weak-lensing analysis for the merging galaxy cluster, CIZA J2242.8+5301, hosting double radio relics, using three-band Subaru/Suprime-Cam imaging ($Br'z'$). Since the lifetime of dark matter halos colliding into clusters is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-07 Nobuhiro Okabe , Hiroki Akamatsu , Jun Kakuwa , Yutaka Fujita , Yu-Ying Zhang , Masayuki Tanaka , Keiichi Umetsu

The galaxy cluster CIZA J2242.8+5301 is a well-studied merging galaxy cluster that hosts prominent double radio relics including the famous sausage relic, as well as other diffuse radio sources. Observations at frequencies below 100 MHz are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-30 G. Lusetti , M. Brüggen , H. W. Edler , F. de Gasperin , M. Hoeft , G. Di Gennaro , D. Hoang , T. Pasini , R. van Weeren , V. Cuciti , H. Rottgering , G. Brunetti

We present the results from new deep {\it Chandra} ($\sim410$~ks) and {\it Suzaku} ($\sim180$ ks) observations of the merging galaxy cluster ZwCl\,0008.8+5215 ($z=0.104$). Previous radio observations revealed the presence of a double radio…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-13 G. Di Gennaro , R. J. van Weeren , F. Andrade-Santos , H. Akamatsu , S. W. Randall , W. Forman , R. P. Kraft , G. Brunetti , W. A. Dawson , N. Golovich , C. Jones

We observed the galaxy cluster CIZA J2242.8+5301 with the Sardinia Radio Telescope to provide new constraints on its spectral properties at high frequency. We conducted observations in three frequency bands centred at 1.4 GHz, 6.6 GHz and…

We present the results of Suzaku and Chandra observations of the galaxy cluster RXC J1053.7+5453 ($z=0.0704$), which contains a radio relic. The radio relic is located at the distance of $\sim 540$ kpc from the X-ray peak toward the west.…

We present results based on X-ray, optical, and radio observations of the massive galaxy cluster CIZA J0107.7+5408. We find that this system is a post core passage, dissociative, binary merger, with the optical galaxy density peaks of each…

Galaxy clusters grow by mergers with other clusters and galaxy groups. These mergers create shock waves within the intracluster medium (ICM) that can accelerate particles to extreme energies. In the presence of magnetic fields, relativistic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 R. J. van Weeren , M. Bruggen , H. J. A. Rottgering , M. Hoeft

Despite progress in understanding radio relics, there are still open questions regarding the underlying particle acceleration mechanisms. In this paper we present deep 1--4 GHz VLA observations of CIZA\,J2242.8+5301 ($z=0.1921$), a double…

Giant cluster radio relics are thought to form at shock fronts in the course of collisions between galaxy clusters. Via processes that are still poorly understood, these shocks accelerate or re-accelerate cosmic-ray electrons and might…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 A. Stroe , R. J. van Weeren , H. T. Intema , H. J. A. Röttgering , M. Brüggen , M. Hoeft

Diffuse radio emission in the form of radio halos and relics has been found in a number of merging galaxy clusters. These structures indicate that shock and turbulence associated with the merger accelerate electrons to relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-23 F. de Gasperin , H. T. Intema , R. J. van Weeren , W. A. Dawson , N. Golovich , D. Wittman , A. Bonafede , M. Bruggen

We present new radio observations of the galaxy cluster merger CIZA J0107.7+5408 (CIZA0107), a large, roughly equal mass, post-core passage, dissociative binary system at z = 0.1066. CIZA0107 is an elongated, disturbed system, hosting two…

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