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We consider non cooperative binding in so called `temperature 1', in deterministic (here called {\it confluent}) tile self-assembly systems (1-TAS) and prove the standing conjecture that such systems do not have universal computational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Jérôme Durand-Lose , Hendrik Jan Hoogeboom , Nataša Jonoska

Algorithmic self-assembly occurs when disorganized components autonomously combine to form structures and, by their design and the dynamics of the system, are forced to follow the execution of algorithms. Motivated by applications in…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

We prove that the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) of nanoscale self-assembly is intrinsically universal. This means that there is a single tile assembly system U that, with proper initialization, simulates any tile assembly system T.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-10 David Doty , Jack H. Lutz , Matthew J. Patitz , Robert T. Schweller , Scott M. Summers , Damien Woods

We prove the computational weakness of a model of tile assembly that has so far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or positive constructions. Specifically, we prove that, in Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model, when restricted to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-31 Pierre-Étienne Meunier , Damien Regnault

In this paper, we study the minimum number of unique tile types required for the self-assembly of thin rectangles in Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM), restricted to temperature-1. Using Catalan numbers, planar self-assembly and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-06-18 David Furcy , Scott M. Summers , Christian Wendlandt

As a mathematical model of self-assembling systems, Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) is a remarkable platform for studying the behaviors and powers of self-assembling systems. Capable of Turing universal computation, the aTAM…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-08-11 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers

Tile-based self-assembly systems are capable of universal computation and algorithmically-directed growth. Systems capable of such behavior typically make use of "glue cooperation" in which the glues on at least $2$ sides of a tile must…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

Sequence-directed assembly processes - such as protein folding - allow the assembly of a large number of structures with high accuracy from only a small handful of fundamental building blocks. We aim to explore how efficiently sequence…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Jeremy Guntoro , Thomas Ouldridge

We introduce a new model of algorithmic tile self-assembly called size-dependent assembly. In previous models, supertiles are stable when the total strength of the bonds between any two halves exceeds some constant temperature. In this…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Sándor P. Fekete , Robert T. Schweller , Andrew Winslow

We present a series of results related to mathematical models of self-assembling tiles and the impacts that three diverse properties have on their dynamics. We expand upon a series of prior results which showed that (1) the abstract Tile…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Daniel Hader , Aaron Koch , Matthew J. Patitz , Michael Sharp

The abstract tile assembly model (aTam) is a model of DNA self-assembly. Most of the studies focus on cooperative aTAM where a form of synchronization between the tiles is possible. Simulating Turing machines is achievable in this context.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sergiu Ivanov , Damien Regnault

Perhaps the two most significant theoretical questions about the programming of self-assembling agents are: (1) necessary and sufficient conditions to produce a unique terminal assembly, and (2) error correction. We address both questions,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-16 Aaron Sterling

In this paper, we explore relationships between two models of systems which are governed by only the local interactions of large collections of simple components: cellular automata (CA) and the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM). While…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-09-09 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz

This short survey of recent work in tile self-assembly discusses the use of simulation to classify and separate the computational and expressive power of self-assembly models. The journey begins with the result that there is a single…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Damien Woods

We prove a result which strongly hints at the computational weakness of a model of tile assembly that has so far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or positive constructions. Specifically, we prove that, in Winfree's abstract Tile…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Pierre-Étienne Meunier , Damien Regnault

We prove that if a subset X of the integer Cartesian plane weakly self-assembles at temperature 1 in a deterministic (Winfree) tile assembly system satisfying a natural condition known as *pumpability*, then X is a finite union of doubly…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-06-18 David Doty , Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers

We show the first non-trivial positive algorithmic results (i.e. programs whose output is larger than their size), in a model of self-assembly that has so far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or programming: the planar…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Pierre-Étienne Meunier

Since its introduction by Erik Winfree in 1998, the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) has inspired a wealth of research. As an abstract model for tile based self-assembly, it has proven to be remarkably powerful and expressive in terms of…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Matthew J. Patitz

We prove that if a set $X \subseteq \Z^2$ weakly self-assembles at temperature 1 in a deterministic tile assembly system satisfying a natural condition known as \emph{pumpability}, then $X$ is a finite union of semi-doubly periodic sets.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-03-12 David Doty , Matthew J Patitz , Scott M Summers

In this paper, we prove that in the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM), an accretion-based model which only allows for a single tile to attach to a growing assembly at each step, there are no tile assembly systems capable of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Jacob Hendricks , Joseph Opseth , Matthew Patitz , Scott Summers