Related papers: Geographic routing protocols for underwater wirele…
Underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) is becoming an attractive technology for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) since it offers high-speed communication links. Although UOWC overcomes the drawbacks of acoustic and…
Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks are significantly different from terrestrial sensor networks due to peculiar characteristics of low bandwidth, high latency, limited energy, node float mobility and high error probability. These features…
In the years, routing protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been substantially investigated by researches. Most state-of-the-art surveys have focused on reviewing of wireless sensor network .In this paper we review the existing…
Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) are often used for environmental and industrial sensing in undersea/ocean space, therefore, these networks are also named underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). Underwater sensor networks…
Wireless sensor networks are harshly restricted by storage capacity, energy and computing power. So it is essential to design effective and energy aware protocol in order to enhance the network lifetime. In this paper, a review on routing…
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are highly distributed networks consisting of a large number of tiny, low-cost, light-weight wireless nodes deployed to monitor an environment or a system. Each node in a WSN consists of three subsystems: the…
In underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASN), energy-reliable data transmission is a challenging task. This is due to acoustic transmission disturbances caused by excessive noise, exceptionally long propagation delays, a high bit error…
Under Water Sensor Networks (UWSN) have different characteristics than terrestrial sensor networks, so routing protocols developed for terrestrial networks are not suitable for UWSN. Underwater routing is comprehended by the underlying…
Underwater wireless communications can be carried out through acoustic, radio frequency (RF), and optical waves. Compared to its bandwidth limited acoustic and RF counterparts, underwater optical wireless communications (UOWCs) can support…
Underwater communication is a challenging topic due to its singular channel characteristics. Most protocols used in terrestrial wireless communication can not be directly applied in the underwater world. In this paper, we focus on the issue…
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are often deployed in hostile environments, which make such networks highly vulnerable and increase the risk of attacks against this type of network. WSN comprise of large number of sensor nodes with…
Underwater optical wireless links have limited range and intermittent connectivity due to the hostile aquatic channel impairments and misalignment between the optical transceivers. Therefore, multi-hop communication can expand the…
The coverage problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be generally defined as a measure of how effectively a network field is monitored by its sensor nodes. This problem has attracted a lot of interest over the years and as a result,…
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) experiences several technical challenges such as limited energy, short transmission range, limited storage capacities, and limited computational capabilities. Moreover, the sensor nodes are deployed randomly…
Today, the advancements in urban technology have transformed into the concept of smart cities. These smart cities are envisioned to be heavily dependent on wireless sensor networks and internet of things. In this context, a number of…
This report deals with security in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), especially in network layer. Multiple secure routing protocols have been proposed in the literature. However, they often use the cryptography to secure routing…
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an emerging technology now-a-days and has a wide range of applications such as battlefield surveillance, traffic surveillance, forest fire detection, flood detection etc. But wireless sensor networks are…
Routing in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) aims to interconnect sensor nodes via single or multi-hop paths. The routes are established to forward data packets from sensor nodes to the sink. Establishing a single path to report each data…
Wireless sensor networks are collections of large number of sensor nodes. The sensor nodes are featured with limited energy, computation and transmission power. Each node in the network coordinates with every other node in forwarding their…
Wireless Sensor networks (WSN) is an emerging technology and have great potential to be employed in critical situations like battlefields and commercial applications such as building, traffic surveillance, habitat monitoring and smart homes…