Related papers: Entropy- and Flow- Induced Superfluid States
Superconductivity owes its properties to the phase of the electron pair condensate that breaks the $U(1)$ symmetry. In the most traditional ground state, the phase is uniform and rigid. The normal state can be unstable towards special…
Turbulence is a widely observed state of fluid flows, characterized by complex, nonlinear interactions between motions across a broad spectrum of length and time scales. While turbulence is ubiquitous, from teacups to planetary atmospheres,…
Superfluidity and superconductivity are remarkable manifestations of quantum coherence at a macroscopic scale. The dynamics of superfluids has dominated the study of these systems for decades now, but a comprehensive theoretical framework…
It is shown that superfluids in two and three dimensions which have time reversal invariant ground states have phases which are distinguished by a topological invariant. Further, it is shown that the B-phase of $^3$ He is a superfluid in…
Superfluidity and superconductivity have been studied widely since the last century in many different contexts ranging from nuclear matter to atomic quantum gases. The rigidity of these systems with respect to external perturbations results…
In this pedagogical review, we discuss how electrical resistance can arise in superconductors. Starting with the idea of the superconducting order parameter as a condensate wave function, we introduce vortices as topological excitations…
In the present paper which is a sequel to [N.B. Volkov and A.M. Iskoldsky The dynamics of vortex structures and states of current: 1;[1]], the dynamics of non-equilibrium phase transitions and states of current in electrophysical systems…
The nature of particle and entropy flow between two superfluids is often understood in terms of reversible flow carried by an entropy-free, macroscopic wavefunction. While this wavefunction is responsible for many intriguing properties of…
The hallmark of superfluidity is the appearance of "vortex states" carrying a quantized metastable circulating current. Considering a unidirectional flow of particles in a ring, at first it appears that any amount of scattering will…
From the days when superconductivity was discovered its science was entangled by the unresolved problem of the relationship between superconductive state, its crystal structure and its phase transitions. The problem was exacerbated by the…
Currently there is a common belief that the explanation of superconductivity phenomenon lies in understanding the mechanism of the formation of electron pairs. Paired electrons, however, cannot form a superconducting condensate…
A flux of ideal fluid coupled to perturbation is investigated by nonperturbative methods of the quantum field theory. Asymptotic behavior of the flux coupled to perturbation turns out to be similiar to that of superfluids.
The purpose of this contribution is to summarize and discuss recent advances regarding the onset of turbulence in shear flows. The absence of a clear cut instability mechanism, the spatio-temporal intermittent character and extremely long…
Spatial fluctuations of the effective pairing interaction between electrons in a superconductor induce variations of the order parameter which in turn lead to significant changes in the density of states. In addition to an overall reduction…
The spectrum of turbulence in superfluid liquid is modified by the nonlinear energy dissipation caused by the mutual friction between quantized vortices and the normal component of the liquid. In some region of two Reynolds parameters…
Superconducting vortices and phase slips are primary mechanisms of dissipation in superconducting, superfluid, and cold atom systems. While the dynamics of vortices is fairly well described, phase slips occurring in quasi-one dimensional…
Recent observations have revealed the emergence of an unusual normal phase when a magnetic flux threads an ultra-thin superconducting cylinder. Moreover, with increasing temperature, the resistance rises in a series of abrupt jumps. These…
Thermal fluctuations and disorder play an essential role in high-T$_c$ superconductors. After reviewing the mean-field phase diagram we describe significant modifications that result when the effects of finite temperature and disorder are…
Quantized circulation, absence of Galilean invariance due to a clamped normal component, and the vortex mutual friction are the major factors that make superfluid turbulence behave in a way different from that in classical fluids. The model…
Topological defects arise in a variety of systems, e.g. vortices in superfluid helium to cosmic strings in the early universe. There is an indirect evidence of neutron superfluid vortices from glitches in pulsars. One also expects that…