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How cooperation evolves and particularly maintains at a large scale remains an open problem for improving humanity across domains ranging from climate change to pandemic response. To shed light on how behavioral norms can resolve the social…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-25 Brian Mintz , Feng Fu

Partner selection is an important process in many social interactions, permitting individuals to decrease the risks associated with cooperation. In large populations, defectors may escape punishment by roving from partner to partner, but…

adap-org · Physics 2008-02-03 Dan Ashlock , Mark D. Smucker , E. Ann Stanley , Leigh Tesfatsion

In this paper we address the cooperation problem in structured populations by considering the prisoner's dilemma game as metaphor of the social interactions between individuals with imitation capacity. We present a new strategy update rule…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-03-19 Ignacio Gomez Portillo

Direct reciprocity is a mechanism for the evolution of cooperation in repeated social interactions. According to this literature, individuals naturally learn to adopt conditionally cooperative strategies if they have multiple encounters…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-07 Nikoleta E. Glynatsi , Alex McAvoy , Christian Hilbe

We study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game where players are allowed to establish new interactions with others. By employing a simple coevolutionary rule entailing only two crucial parameters, we find that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-12-30 Chunyan Zhang , Jianlei Zhang , Guangming Xie , Long Wang , Matjaz Perc

Cooperation is of utmost importance to society as a whole, but is often challenged by individual self-interests. While game theory has studied this problem extensively, there is little work on interactions within and across groups with…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-10-14 Dirk Helbing , Anders Johansson

In spatial evolutionary games the fitness of each individual is traditionally determined by the payoffs it obtains upon playing the game with its neighbors. Since defection yields the highest individual benefits, the outlook for cooperators…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-04-04 Zhen Wang , Aleksandra Murks , Wen-Bo Du , Zhi-Hai Rong , Matjaz Perc

A growing body of empirical evidence indicates that social and cooperative behavior can be affected by cognitive and neurological factors, suggesting the existence of state-based decision-making mechanisms that may have emerged by…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-23 Zoran Utkovski , Viktor Stojkoski , Lasko Basnarkov , Ljupco Kocarev

Evolutionary game theory predicts that cooperation in social dilemma games is promoted when agents are connected as a network. However, when networks are fixed over time, humans do not necessarily show enhanced mutual cooperation. Here we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-07 Takahiro Ezaki , Naoki Masuda

The evolution of cooperation among unrelated individuals in human and animal societies remains a challenging issue across disciplines. It is an important subject also in the evolutionary game theory to understand how cooperation arises. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-10-01 Norihito Toyota

Cooperation is a key driver of human social progress. Studies of the evolution of cooperation typically assume a deterministic outcome for social interactions. But in real-world social interactions, interaction outcomes are often subject to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-14 Jiapeng Yu , Anzhi Sheng , Long Wang

Cooperation in evolutionary biology means paying a cost, c, to enjoy benefits, b. A defector is one who does not pay any cost but enjoys the benefits of cooperators. Human societies, especially, have evolved a strategy to discourage…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-09-02 Ivan Ezeigbo

Extortion strategies can dominate any opponent in an iterated prisoner's dilemma game. But if players are able to adopt the strategies performing better, extortion becomes widespread and evolutionary unstable. It may sometimes act as a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-02-17 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

We study the cooperation problem in the framework of evolutionary game theory using the prisoner's dilemma as metaphor of the problem. Considering the growing process of the system and individuals with imitation capacity, we show conditions…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-11 Ignacio Gomez Portillo

We simulate the prisoner's dilemma and hawk-dove games on a real social acquaintance network. Using a discrete analogue of replicator dynamics, we show that surprisingly high levels of cooperation can be achieved, contrary to what happens…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-06-04 L. Luthi , E. Pestelacci , M. Tomassini

The theoretical description of the evolution of cooperation presented by Bergstrom based on assortative matching with partner choice allows to model the population dynamics in a game of Nonrepetitive Prisoners Dilemma. In this paper we…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Sobkowicz

We introduce a community network model which exhibits scale-free property and study the evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma game (PDG) on this network model. It is found that the frequency of cooperators decreases with the increment of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiaojie Chen , Feng Fu , Long Wang

Non-binding communication is common in daily life and crucial for fostering cooperation, even though it has no direct payoff consequences. However, despite robust empirical evidence, its evolutionary basis remains poorly understood. Here,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-15 Zhao Song , Chen Shen , The Anh Han

The Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Choice and Refusal (IPD/CR) is an extension of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with evolution that allows players to choose and to refuse their game partners. From individual behaviors, behavioral…

adap-org · Physics 2012-08-29 Mark D. Smucker , E. Ann Stanley , Dan Ashlock

In the study of the evolution of cooperation, many mechanisms have been proposed to help overcome the self-interested cheating that is individually optimal in the Prisoners' Dilemma game. These mechanisms include assortative or networked…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-03 Daniel B. Cooney