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Scattering amplitudes at loop level can be reduced to a basis of linearly independent Feynman integrals. The integral coefficients are extracted from generalized unitarity cuts which define algebraic varieties. The topology of an algebraic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 Mads Sogaard , Yang Zhang

Starting from two-loops, there are Feynman integrals with higher powers of the propagators. They arise from self-energy insertions on internal lines. Within the loop-tree duality approach or within methods based on numerical unitarity one…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-05-29 Robin Baumeister , Daniel Mediger , Julia Pečovnik , Stefan Weinzierl

We present a method for the computation of hepta-cuts of two loop scattering amplitudes. Four dimensional unitarity cuts are used to factorise the integrand onto the product of six tree-level amplitudes evaluated at complex momentum values.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-04-18 Simon Badger , Hjalte Frellesvig , Yang Zhang

We present a new formulation of the loop-tree duality theorem for higher loop diagrams valid both for massless and massive cases. $l$-loop integrals are expressed as weighted sum of trees obtained from cutting $l$ internal propagators of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-11-22 Robert Runkel , Zoltán Szőr , Juan Pablo Vesga , Stefan Weinzierl

We describe the application of a novel approach for the reduction of scattering amplitudes, based on multivariate polynomial division, which we have recently presented. This technique yields the complete integrand decomposition for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-07-17 Pierpaolo Mastrolia , Edoardo Mirabella , Giovanni Ossola , Tiziano Peraro

We show that the integration-by-parts reductions of various two-loop integral topologies can be efficiently obtained by applying unitarity cuts to a specific set of subgraphs and solving associated polynomial (syzygy) equations.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-07-08 Kasper J. Larsen , Yang Zhang

We present a new method for computing multi-loop scattering amplitudes in Quantum Field Theory. It extends the Generalized Unitarity method by constraining not only the integrand of the amplitude but also its full integrated form. Our…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-18 Piotr Bargiela

We provide a sufficient condition for avoiding squared propagators in the intermediate stages of setting up differential equations for loop integrals. This condition is satisfied in a large class of two- and three-loop diagrams. For these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-04 Jorrit Bosma , Kasper J. Larsen , Yang Zhang

Many multi-loop calculations make use of integration by parts relations to reduce the large number of complicated Feynman integrals that arise in such calculations to a simpler basis of master integrals. Recently, Gluza, Kajda, and Kosower…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 Robert M. Schabinger

We present a set of algebraic functions for evaluating the coefficients of the scalar integral basis of a general one-loop amplitude. The functions are derived from unitarity cuts, but the complete cut-integral procedure has been carried…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ruth Britto , Bo Feng

Generalized-unitarity calculations of two-loop amplitudes are performed by expanding the amplitude in a basis of master integrals and then determining the coefficients by taking a number of generalized cuts. In this paper, we present a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-05-08 Simon Caron-Huot , Kasper J. Larsen

Starting from the Mellin-Barnes integral representation of a Feynman integral depending on set of kinematic variables $z_i$, we derive a system of partial differential equations w.r.t.\ new variables $x_j$, which parameterize the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-25 Vladimir V. Bytev , Bernd A. Kniehl , Oleg L. Veretin

In these notes we describe how to formulate the Lagrangian insertion technique in a way that mimics generalized unitarity. We introduce a notion of cuts in real space and show that the cuts of the correlators in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-08 Oluf Tang Engelund

We examine maximal unitarity in the nonplanar case and derive remarkably compact analytic expressions for coefficients of master integrals with two-loop crossed box topology in massless four-point amplitudes in any gauge theory, thereby…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-10-18 Mads Sogaard

It is analysed the triple-cut of one-loop amplitudes in dimensional regularisation within spinor-helicity representation. The triple-cut is defined as a difference of two double-cuts with the same particle content, and a same propagator…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Pierpaolo Mastrolia

The numerical unitarity approach has been important for obtaining reliable QCD predictions for the LHC. Here I discuss the extension of the approach beyond the leading quantum corrections for computing multi-loop amplitudes. The numerical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-03-27 Harald Ita

This thesis is focused on the development of new mathematical methods for computing multi-loop scattering amplitudes in gauge theories. In this work we combine, for the first time, the unitarity-based construction for integrands, and the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-10-21 Ulrich Schubert

We consider integer programming problems with bounded general-integer variables belonging to the general class of network flow problems. For those, we computationally investigate the effect on mixed-integer linear programming (MIP) solvers…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-09 Pierre Bonami , Sanjeeb Dash , Anton Derkach , Andrea Lodi

One-loop amplitudes of gluons in N=4 gauge theory can be written as linear combinations of known scalar box integrals with coefficients that are rational functions. In this paper we show how to use generalized unitarity to basically read…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Ruth Britto , Freddy Cachazo , Bo Feng

We discuss recent progress in multi-loop integrand reduction methods. Motivated by the possibility of an automated construction of multi-loop amplitudes via generalized unitarity cuts we describe a procedure to obtain a general…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-17 Simon Badger , Hjalte Frellesvig , Yang Zhang