Related papers: Fundamental energy limits in the physics of small-…

We investigate the energy dependence of potentials defined through the Bethe-Salpeter wave functions. We analytically evaluate such a potential in the Ising field theory in 2 dimensions and show that its energy dependence is weak at low…

This is a review of electroweak precision physics with particular emphasis on low-energy precision measurements in the neutral current sector of the electroweak theory and includes future experimental prospects and the theoretical…

We consider an energy functional that arises in micromagnetic and liquid crystal theory on thin films. In particular, our energy comprises a non-convex term that models anti-symmetric exchange as well as an anisotropy term. We devise an…

The relationship between thermodynamics and statistical physics is valid in the thermodynamic limit - when the number of particles becomes very large. Here, we study thermodynamics in the opposite regime - at both the nano scale, and when…

The use of energy functionals based on density as the basic variable is advocated for ab initio molecular dynamics. It is demonstrated that the constraint of positivity of density can be incorporated easily by using square root density for…

Spin is a fundamental property of any many-electron system. The ability of density functional theory to accurately predict the physical properties of a system, while varying its spin, is crucial for describing magnetic materials and…

We study 1S0 pairing gaps in neutron and nuclear matter as well as in finite nuclei on the basis of microscopic two-nucleon interactions. Special attention is paid to the consistency of the pairing interaction and normal self-energy…

We consider the well-known minimizing-movement approach to the definition of a solution of gradient-flow type equations by means of an implicit Euler scheme depending on an energy and a dissipation term. We perturb the energy by considering…

The use of magnetic nanowires as memory units is made possible by the exponential divergence of the characteristic time for magnetization reversal at low temperature, but the slow relaxation makes the manipulation of the frozen magnetic…

For fermions with degenerate single-particle energy levels, the usual relation between the total number of particles and the chemical potential $\mu $ is only satisfied for a specific number of particles, i.e. those leading to closed…

Biological molecular machines are enzymes that simultaneously catalyze two processes, one donating free energy and second accepting it. Recent studies show that most native protein enzymes have a rich stochastic dynamics that often…

The current induced magnetization reversal in nanoscale spin valves is a potential alternative to magnetic field switching in magnetic memory devices. We show that the critical switching current can be decreased by an order of magnitude by…

How much free energy is irreversibly lost during a thermodynamic process? For deterministic protocols, lower bounds on energy dissipation arise from the thermodynamic friction associated with pushing a system out of equilibrium in finite…

Weak coin flipping is among the fundamental cryptographic primitives which ensure the security of modern communication networks. It allows two mistrustful parties to remotely agree on a random bit when they favor opposite outcomes. Unlike…

This paper focuses on the analysis of a free energy functional, that models a dilute suspension of magnetic nanoparticles in a two-dimensional nematic well. The {\it first part} of the article is devoted to the asymptotic analysis of global…

We study the transition probabilities of a two-point measurement on a quantum system, initially prepared in a thermal state. We find two independent constraints on the difference between transition probabilities when the system is prepared…

We analyze the energy barriers that allow escapes from a given local minimum in a mean-field model of glasses. We perform this study by using the Kac-Rice method and computing the typical number of critical points of the energy function at…

The processing of quantum information always has a cost in terms of physical resources such as energy or time. Determining the resource requirements is not only an indispensable step in the design of practical devices - the resources need…

Even if a logical network consists of thermodynamically reversible gate operations, the computation process may have high dissipation rate if the gate implementation is controlled by external clock signals. It is an open question whether…

The magnetic relaxation of ferromagnetic powders has been studied for many years, largely due to its importance to recording technologies. However, only recently have experiments been performed that resolve the magnetic state of individual…