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The accretion of matter by compact objects can be inhibited by radiation pressure if the luminosity exceeds the critical value, known as the Eddington limit. Discovery of ultraluminous X-ray sources has shown that accretion can proceed even…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-09 Alexandra Veledina , Fabio Muleri , Juri Poutanen , Jakub Podgorný , Michal Dovčiak , Fiamma Capitanio , Eugene Churazov , Alessandra De Rosa , Alessandro Di Marco , Sofia Forsblom , Philip Kaaret , Henric Krawczynski , Fabio La Monaca , Vladislav Loktev , Alexander A. Lutovinov , Sergey V. Molkov , Alexander A. Mushtukov , Ajay Ratheesh , Nicole Rodriguez Cavero , James F. Steiner , Rashid A. Sunyaev , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Andrzej A. Zdziarski , Stefano Bianchi , Joe S. Bright , Nikolaj Bursov , Enrico Costa , Elise Egron , Javier A. Garcia , David A. Green , Mark Gurwell , Adam Ingram , Jari J. E. Kajava , Ruta Kale , Alex Kraus , Denys Malyshev , Frédéric Marin , Giorgio Matt , Michael McCollough , Ilia A. Mereminskiy , Nikolaj Nizhelsky , Giovanni Piano , Maura Pilia , Carlotta Pittori , Ramprasad Rao , Simona Righini , Paolo Soffitta , Anton Shevchenko , Jiri Svoboda , Francesco Tombesi , Sergei Trushkin , Peter Tsybulev , Francesco Ursini , Martin C. Weisskopf , Kinwah Wu , Iván Agudo , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccolò Bucciantini , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Ettore Del Monte , Laura Di Gesu , Niccolò Di Lalla , Immacolata Donnarumma , Victor Doroshenko , Steven R. Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Luca Latronico , Ioannis Liodakis , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Andrea Marinucci , Alan P. Marscher , Herman L. Marshall , Francesco Massaro , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Michela Negro , Chi-Yung Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Andrea Possenti , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Oliver Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgrò , Patrick Slane , Gloria Spandre , Doug Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Alessio Trois , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane

We analyse the spectra of the archival XMM-Newton data of the Seyfert 1 AGN Zw 229.015 in the energy range $0.3 - 10.0$ keV. When fitted with a simple power-law, the spectrum shows signatures of weak soft excess below 1.0 keV. We find that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-12-21 Oluwashina Adegoke , Suvendu Rakshit , Banibrata Mukhopadhyay

We present the results of a long-term observation campaign of the extragalactic wind-accreting black-hole X-ray binary LMC X-1, using the Proportional Counter Array on the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). The observations show that LMC…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 L. Ruhlen , D. M. Smith , J. Swank

The UV-X continuum, the X-ray spectral features, and the variability in these bands provide powerful tools for studying the innermost regions of AGNs from which we gain an insight into the accretion process. In this chapter the discussion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-03 Suzy Collin

The archival XMM-Newton data of the central region of M31 were analyzed for diffuse X-ray emission. Point sources with the 0.5--10 keV luminosity exceeding $\sim 4 \times 10^{35}$ erg s$^{-1}$ were detected. Their summed spectra are well…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Hiromitsu Takahashi , Yuu Okada , Motohide Kokubun , Kazuo Makishima

We have studied a highly variable ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) in the Fornax galaxy NGC 1365, with a series of 12 Chandra and XMM-Newton observations between 2002 and 2006. In 2006 April, the source peaked at a luminosity ~ 3 x 10^{40}…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 R. Soria , A. Baldi , G. Risaliti , G. Fabbiano , A. R. King , V. La Parola , A. Zezas

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are a class of accreting compact objects with X-ray luminosities above 10$^{39}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The average number of ULXs per galaxy is still not well constrained, especially given the uncertainty on the…

In recent work with high-resolution grating spectrometers (RGS) aboard XMM-Newton Pinto et al. (2016) have discovered that two bright and archetypal ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) have strong relativistic winds in agreement with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-03 C. Pinto , W. Alston , R. Soria , M. J. Middleton , D. J. Walton , A. D. Sutton , A. C. Fabian , H. Earnshaw , R. Urquhart , E. Kara , T. P. Roberts

We examine the X-ray spectra and variability of the sample of X-ray sources with L_X = 10^{31}-10^{33} erg s^{-1} identified within the inner 9' of the Galaxy. Very few of the sources exhibit intra-day or inter-month variations. We find…

We solve for the structure of a hot accretion disc with unsaturated thermal Comptonisation of soft photons and with advection, generalizing the classical model of Shapiro et al. The upper limit on the accretion rate due to advection…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Andrzej A. Zdziarski

We extend our models of the vertical structure and emergent radiation field of accretion disks around supermassive black holes described in previous papers of this series. Our models now include both a self-consistent treatment of Compton…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Ivan Hubeny , Omer Blaes , Julian H. Krolik , E. Agol

We present XMM-Newton observations of the bright quasar PKS0558-504. The 0.2-10 keV spectrum is dominated by a large, variable soft X-ray excess. The fastest flux variations imply accretion onto a Kerr black hole. The XMM-Newton data…

We use XMM-Newton blank-sky and closed-cover background data to explore the background subtraction methods for large extended sources filling the EPIC field of view, such as nearby galaxy clusters, for which local background estimation is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Nevalainen , M. Markevitch , D. Lumb

We conducted an extensive long-term spectral and timing study of the ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) M74 X-1, using data taken between 2001 and 2021 by Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observatories. Our analysis shows that flares are present…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-16 Aman Upadhyay , Tanuman Ghosh , Vikram Rana

The structure of static atmospheres around unmagnetized neutron stars undergoing steady, spherical accretion is discussed. We focus on the ``hot'' configurations presented by Turolla et al. (1994) and calculate the radiation spectrum using…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. Zane , R. Turolla , A. Treves

We present solutions for the structure of the boundary layer where the accretion disk meets the neutron star, which is expected to be the dominant source of high-energy radiation in low-mass X-ray binaries which contain weakly magnetized…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Robert Popham , Rashid Sunyaev

We investigated the relationship between the X-ray variability amplitude and X-ray luminosity for a sample of 14 bright Ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) with XMM-Newton/EPIC data, and compare it with the well established similar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 O. Gonzalez-Martin , I. Papadakis , P. Reig , A. Zezas

The nature and origin of the soft X-ray excess in radio quiet AGN is still an open issue. The interpretation in terms of thermal disc emission has been challanged by the discovery of the constancy of the effective temperature despite the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 F. D'Ammando , S. Bianchi , E. Jimenez-Bailon , G. Matt

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are point-like sources that exhibit apparent X-ray luminosities exceeding the Eddington limit for stellar-mass compact objects. A widely accepted interpretation is that these systems are X-ray binaries…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 Lucas M. Pasquevich , Gustavo E. Romero , Matías M. Reynoso

Supercritical accretion onto compact objects is expected to drive optically thick winds, resulting in observed X-ray emission as a function of viewing angle. However, their optical emission, either from the outer accretion disk or companion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-13 Xiaohong Tang , Hua Feng
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