Related papers: Tracking Back the Solar Wind to its Photospheric F…

Poynting flux generated by random shuffling of photospheric magnetic footpoints is transferred through the upper atmosphere of the Sun where the plasma is heated to over 1 MK in the corona. High spatiotemporal resolution observations of the…

The sunspots and other solar activity indicators tend to cluster on the surface of the Sun.These clusters very often occur at certain longitudes that persist in time.It is of general interest to find new and simple ways to characterize the…

In order to address the growing need for more accurate space weather predictions, a new model named EUHFORIA (EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset) was recently developed (Pomoell and Poedts, 2018). We present first results…

The origins of the hot solar corona and the supersonically expanding solar wind are still the subject of much debate. This paper summarizes some of the essential ingredients of realistic and self-consistent models of solar wind…

In situ measurements of the fast solar wind reveal non-thermal distributions of electrons, protons and, minor ions extending from $0.3$ AU to the heliopause. The physical mechanisms responsible for these non-thermal properties and the…

The determination of delay times of solar wind conditions at the sunward libration point to effects on Earth is investigated using mutual information. This measures the amount of information shared between two timeseries. We consider the…

Using a classification scheme for solar wind type based on the heliocentric distance of the observation, we look at near perihelion observations from Parker Solar Probe Encounters Four to Fourteen to study the sources of the slow…

Magnetic switchbacks are large amplitude deflections of the magnetic field within the solar wind. They are Alfv\'enic in character and so are associated with a spike in velocity and a generally small variation in local plasma density. Early…

Waves and oscillations have been observed in the Sun's atmosphere for over half a century. While such phenomena have readily been observed across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, spanning radio to gamma-ray sources, the underlying role…

We analyze time series data of the fluctuations of slow solar wind velocity using rank order statistics. We selected a total of 18 datasets measured by the Helios spacecraft at a distance of 0.32 AU from the sun in the inner heliosphere.…

This study attempts to establish a basis for understanding how methods used in research in solar physics have evolved since World War II (WWII). The goal is to begin to explore if and how the changing research environment affects the…

We identify and examine the solar wind intervals near the sonic critical point (i.e., $M_S \sim 1$) observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). The near subsonic wind intervals show similar properties: a low density, an extremely low…

We attempt to forecast the Sun's sunspot butterfly diagram in both space (i.e. in latitude) and time, instead of the usual one-dimensional time series forecasts prevalent in the scientific literature. We use a prediction method based on the…

Statistical classification of the Helios solar wind observations into several populations sorted by bulk speed has revealed an outward acceleration of the wind. The faster the wind is, the smaller is this acceleration in the 0.3 - 1 au…

Here we aim to separate the two main contributions of slow and fast solar wind that appear at 1 AU. The Bi-Gaussian function is proposed as the probability distribution function of the two main components of the solar wind. The positions of…

During the propagation of cosmic rays in the solar system, the Sun will block those particles and form a shadow whose position and depth are very important probe of the magnetic fields in the Sun's corona, in the interplanetary space, and…

An exospheric kinetic solar wind model is interfaced with an observation-driven single fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. Initially, a photospheric magnetogram serves as observational input in the fluid approach to extrapolate the…

During the last decades, international attempts have been made to develop realistic space weather prediction tools aiming to forecast the conditions on the Sun and in the interplanetary environment. These efforts have led to the development…

The variability in the magnetic activity of the Sun is the main source of the observed changes in the plasma and electromagnetic environments within the heliosphere. The primary way in which solar activity affects the Earth's environment is…

The hard X-ray emission in a solar flare is typically characterized by a number of discrete sources, each with its own spectral, temporal, and spatial variability. Establishing the relationship amongst these sources is critical to determine…