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Identification of the mechanically exfoliated graphene flakes and classification of the thickness is important in the nanomanufacturing of next-generation materials and devices that overcome the bottleneck of Moore's Law. Currently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Soroush Mahjoubi , Fan Ye , Yi Bao , Weina Meng , Xian Zhang

Few layer black phosphorus is a new two-dimensional material which is of great interest for applications, mainly in electronics. However, its lack of stability severely limits our ability to synthesise and process this material. Here we…

We investigate the electronic properties of $N$-layer black phosphorus by means of an analytical method based on a recently proposed tight-binding Hamiltonian involving $14$ hopping parameters. The method provides simple and accurate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-18 D. J. P. de Souza , L. V. de Castro , D. R. da Costa , J. Milton Pereira , Tony Low

We report on the mechanical properties of few-layer black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets, in high vacuum and as a function of time of exposure to atmospheric conditions [1]. BP flakes with thicknesses ranging from 4 to 30 nm suspended over…

Phosphorene, the monolayer form of the (black) phosphorus, was recently exfoliated from its bulk counterpart. Phosphorene oxide, by analogy to graphene oxide, is expected to have novel chemical and electronic properties, and may provide an…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-22 Gaoxue Wang , Ravindra Pandey , Shashi P. Karna

An efficient route to synthesize macroscopic amounts of graphene is highly desired and a bulk characterization of such samples, in terms of the number of layers, is equally important. We present a Raman spectroscopy-based method to…

Black phosphorus (BP) stands out from other 2D materials by the wide amplitude of the band-gap energy (Delta(Eg)) that sweeps an optical window from Visible (VIS) to Infrared (IR) wavelengths, depending on the layer thickness. This…

In this work, we reported uniform layer-by-layer sublimation of black phosphorus under heating below 600 K. The uniformity and crystallinity of BP samples after thermal thinning were confirmed by Raman spectra and 2D Raman imaging. A…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-08-02 Weijun Luo , Rui Yang , Jialun Liu , Yunlong Zhao , Wenjuan Zhu , Guangrui , Xia

Black phosphorus is an infrared layered material. Its bandgap complements other widely studied two-dimensional materials: zero-gap graphene and visible/near-infrared gap transition metal dichalcogenides. Though highly desirable, a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-07 Guowei Zhang , Shenyang Huang , Andrey Chaves , Chaoyu Song , V. Ongun Özçelik , Tony Low , Hugen Yan

Few-layered black phosphorus materials recently attract much attention due to its special electronic properties. As a Consequence, the nano-tube from a single-layer black phosphorus has been theoretically built. The corresponding electronic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-06-22 Kun Cai , Jing Wan , Ning Wei , Qinghua Qin

Optical and electronic properties of black phosphorus strongly depend on the number of layers and type of stacking. Using first-principles calculations within the framework of density functional theory, we investigate the electronic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-09-07 Cem Sevik , John R. Wallbank , Oguz Gulseren , Francois M. Peeters , Deniz Cakır

The deformation and fracture behaviour of one-atom-thick mechanically exfoliated graphene has been studied in detail. Monolayer graphene flakes with different lengths, widths and shapes were successfully prepared by mechanical exfoliation…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-08-06 Xin Zhao , Dimitrios G. Papageorgiou , Liyan Zhu , Feng Ding , Robert J. Young

We review the basic optical, electronic, optoelectronic, thermoelectric and mechanical properties of few-layer black phosphorus (BP), a layered semiconductor that can be exfoliated from bulk BP, the most stable allotrope of phosphorus. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Andrey Chaves , W. Ji , J. Maassen , T. Dumitrica , T. Low

Phosphorene, the single- or few-layer form of black phosphorus, was recently rediscovered as a twodimensional layered material holding great promise for applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Research into its fundamental…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-19 Liangzhi Kou , Changfeng Chen , Sean C. Smith

Low-dimensional materials, due to their versatile properties are very interesting for numerous electronics and optoelectronics applications. Recently rediscovered black phosphorus, with a graphite-like structure can be exfoliated up to the…

Results of a study on the electrochemical properties of exfoliated single and multilayer graphene flakes are presented. Graphene flakes were deposited on silicon/silicon oxide wafers to enable fast and accurate characterization by optical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-10-11 Anna T. Valota , Ian A. Kinloch , Kostya S. Novoselov , Cinzia Casiraghi , Axel Eckmann , Ernie W. Hill , Robert A. W. Dryfe

The evolution of excitons from 2D to 3D is of great importance in photo-physics, yet the layer-dependent exciton polarizability has not been investigated in 2D semiconductors. Here, we determine the exciton polarizabilities for 3- to…

The exfoliation energy, the energy required to peel off an atomic layer from the surface of a bulk material, is of fundamental importance in the science and engineering of two-dimensional materials. Traditionally, the exfoliation energy of…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-05-15 Jong Hyun Jung , Cheol-Hwan Park , Jisoon Ihm

Semi-metallic graphene and semiconducting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are the two-dimensional (2D) materials most intensively studied in recent years. Recently, black phosphorus emerged as a promising new 2D material…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-07 Xiaomu Wang , Aaron M. Jones , Kyle L. Seyler , Vy Tran , Yichen Jia , Huan Zhao , Han Wang , Li Yang , Xiaodong Xu , Fengnian Xia

Unencapsulated, exfoliated black phosphorus (BP) flakes are found to chemically degrade upon exposure to ambient conditions. Atomic force microscopy, electrostatic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron…