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We review research papers which use game theory to model the decision making of individuals during an epidemic, attempting to classify the literature and identify the emerging trends in this field. We show that the literature can be…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-13 Sheryl L. Chang , Mahendra Piraveenan , Philippa Pattison , Mikhail Prokopenko

We study the spread of a simulated epidemic in a network of individuals who may either contract a disease through sexual contact with an infected nearest neighbor or use safe sex practices under the influence of neighbors who are already…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-25 Paolo Grigolini , David Lambert , Korosh Mahmoodi , Nicola Piccinini

We consider the control of the COVID-19 pandemic through a standard SIR compartmental model. This control is induced by the aggregation of individuals' decisions to limit their social interactions: when the epidemic is ongoing, an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-22 Romuald Elie , Emma Hubert , Gabriel Turinici

For two resource-sharing species we explore the interplay of harvesting and dispersal strategies, as well as their influence on competition outcomes. Although the extinction of either species can be achieved by excessive culling, choosing a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-12 Elena Braverman , Jenny Lawson

This paper considers the classical Susceptible--Infected--Susceptible (SIS) network epidemic model, which describes a disease spreading through $n$ nodes, with the network links governing the possible transmission pathways of the disease…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-29 Liam Walsh , Mengbin Ye , Brian D. O. Anderson , Zhiyong Sun

Infectious diseases are a significant threat to human society which was over sighted before the incidence of COVID-19, although according to the report of the World Health Organisation (WHO) about 4.2 million people die annually due to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-02-05 Md Shahzamal , Saeed Khan

We study a set of six-species ecological models where each species has two predators and two preys. On a square lattice the time evolution is governed by iterated invasions between the neighboring predator-prey pairs chosen at random and by…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-10 Gyorgy Szabo

Restrictions on social and economic activities, as well as vaccinations, have been a key intervention in containing the COVID-19 epidemic. Our work focuses on better understanding the options available to policymakers under the conditions…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-07 Franco Galante , Chiara Ravazzi , Michele Garetto , Emilio Leonardi

We introduce an interacting particle system that models the spread of an epidemic in terms of heterogeneous diffusive dynamics, rather than exogenous contact and transmission rates at the population level as in classical compartmental…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Eliana Fausti , Andreas Sojmark

Predator-prey relationships are one of the most studied interactions in population ecology. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility of role exchange between species once determined as predators and preys, despite firm…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-10-31 Faustino Sánchez-Garduño , Pedro Miramontes , Tatiana T. Marquez-Lago

We study the problem of a policymaker who aims at taming the spread of an epidemic while minimizing its associated social costs. The main feature of our model lies in the fact that the disease's transmission rate is a diffusive stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Salvatore Federico , Giorgio Ferrari

A generalization of the standard susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) stochastic model for epidemics in sparse random networks is introduced which incorporates contact tracing in addition to random screening. We propose a deterministic…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-11-07 Ramon Huerta , Lev S. Tsimring

In this article, we proposed a susceptible-infected model with identical infectivity, in which, at every time step, each node can only contact a constant number of neighbors. We implemented this model on scale-free networks, and found that…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tao Zhou , Jian-Guo Liu , Wen-Jie Bai , Guanrong Chen , Bing-Hong Wang

Contact tracing is one of the most important control measures deployed during epidemics. Relying on the identification of contacts of known infected individuals, it necessitates a network perspective. Although pairwise models have been used…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-05 Giulia de Meijere , Andrea Pugliese , Gerardo Iñiguez , Péter L. Simon , István Z. Kiss

Epidemics such as COVID-19 pose serious threats to public health and our society, and it is critical to investigate effective methods to control the spread of epidemics over networks. Prior works on epidemic control often assume complete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Wenxiang Dong , Zhanjiang Chen , H. Vicky Zhao

The ability to directly record human face-to-face interactions increasingly enables the development of detailed data-driven models for the spread of directly transmitted infectious diseases at the scale of individuals. Complete coverage of…

The first mitigation response to the Covid-19 pandemic was to limit person-to-person interaction as much as possible. This was implemented by the temporary closing of many workplaces and people were required to follow social distancing.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-17 Parul Maheshwari , Réka Albert

Epidemic control frequently relies on adjusting interventions based on prevalence. But designing such policies is a highly non-trivial problem due to uncertain intervention effects, costs and the difficulty of quantifying key transmission…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-16 Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli , Xiaodong Cheng , Kris V. Parag , Ioannis Lestas

We consider the spread of epidemics in technological and social networks. How do people react? Does awareness and cautious behavior help? We analyze these questions and present a dynamic model to describe the movement of individuals and/or…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Robert Elsässer , Adrian Ogierman

The spread of an infection on a real-world social network is determined by the interplay of two processes: the dynamics of the network, whose structure changes over time according to the encounters between individuals, and the dynamics on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-10-28 Lorenzo Coviello , Massimo Franceschetti , Manuel Garcia-Herranz , Iyad Rahwan