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We consider a complex covariant form of the macroscopic Maxwell equations, in a moving medium or at rest, following the original ideas of Minkowski. A compact, Lorentz invariant, derivation of the energy-momentum tensor and the…
The existence of twisted light may be inferred from modern quantum concepts and experimental data. These waves possess energy, impulse and angular momentum. However, the Maxwell's four-dimensional theory of electromagnetism does not imply…
Theoretical analyses of radiation pressure and photon momentum in the past 150 years have focused almost exclusively on classical and/or quantum theories of electrodynamics. In these analyses, Maxwell's equations, the properties of…
Intrinsic flow in plasma physics is a long-standing puzzle, since it is difficult to understand its origin without contradiction to momentum conservation in conventional wisdom. It is proved that the electromagnetic turbulent acceleration…
The form of the phenomenological stress-energy-momentum tensor for the electromagnetic field in a class of inhomogeneous, anisotropic magneto-electric media is calculated from first principles, leading to a coherent understanding of the…
We present a detailed derivation of the electromagnetic force density and pressure in linear dielectric media according to the so-called Microscopic Amp\`ere formulation, which considers the classical dipolar sources in matter along with…
A hydrodynamic-type, macroscopic theory was set up recently to simultaneously account for dissipation and dispersion of electromagnetic field, in nonstationary condensed systems of nonlinear constitutive relations~\cite{JL}. Since it was…
The relativistic theory of the time- and position-dependent energy and momentum densities of light in glasses and other low-loss dispersive media, where different wavelengths of light propagate at different phase velocities, has remained a…
If the presence of a gravitational field breaks the Lorentz symmetry valid for special relativity, an "absolute motion" might be detectable. We summarize a scalar theory of gravity with a such "ether", which starts from a tentative…
The Abraham force exerted by a time-dependent electromagnetic field on neutral, polarizable matter has two contributions. The one induced by a time-varying magnetic field and a static electric field is reported here for the first time. We…
The Coulomb force, established in the rest frame of a source-charge $Q$, when transformed to a new frame moving with a velocity $\vec{V}$ has a form $\vec{F}= q\vec{{E}} + q\vec{v} \times \vec{{B}}$, where $\vec{{E}}=\vec{E}'_\parallel +…
This paper offers a conceptually straightforward method for the calculation of stresses in polarisable media based on the notion of a drive form and its property of being closed in spacetimes with symmetry. After an outline of the notation…
The article is devoted to the Abraham force in a conducting medium. From the energy-momentum tensor of the electromagnetic field interaction with moving charges the equation for the Abraham force is obtained. It is shown that the Abraham…
Almost a hundred years ago, two different expressions were proposed for the energy--momentum tensor of an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric. Minkowski's tensor predicted an increase in the linear momentum of the wave on entering a…
In electromagnetism, as in Newton's mechanics, action is always equal to reaction. The force from the electromagnetic field on matter is balanced by an equal and opposite force from matter on the field. We generally speak only of forces…
The electromagnetic fields in Maxwell's theory satisfy linear equations in the classical vacuum. This is modified in classical non-linear electrodynamic theories. To date there has been little experimental evidence that any of these…
When waves damp or amplify on resonant particles in a plasma, the nonresonant particles experience a recoil force that conserves the total momentum between the particles and electromagnetic fields. This force is important to understand, as…
A circularly polarized plane-wave is known to have no angular momentum when examined through Maxwell's equations. This, however, contradicts the experimentally observed facts, where finite segments of plane waves are known to be capable of…
The dynamical characteristics of electromagnetic fields include energy, momentum, angular momentum (spin) and helicity. We analyze their spatial distributions near the planar interface between two transparent and non-dispersive media, when…
We establish the well-posedness, the finite speed propagation, and a regularity result for Maxwell's equations in media consisting of dispersive (frequency dependent) metamaterials. Two typical examples for such metamaterials are materials…