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In this contribution we will give a brief overview on the methods used to overcome decoherence in quantum communication protocols. We give an introduction to quantum error correction, entanglement purification and quantum cryptography. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Hans Aschauer , Hans J. Briegel

Superdense coding is a paradigmatic protocol in quantum information science, employing a quantum communication channel to send classical information more efficiently. As we show here, it can be understood as a particular case of a prepare…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 George Moreno , Ranieri Nery , Carlos de Gois , Rafael Rabelo , Rafael Chaves

Quantum communication relies on the efficient generation of entanglement between remote quantum nodes, due to entanglement's key role in achieving and verifying secure communications. Remote entanglement has been realized using a number of…

Dense coding is arguably the protocol that launched the field of quantum communication. Today, however, more than a decade after its initial experimental realization, the channel capacity remains fundamentally limited as conceived for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-28 Julio T. Barreiro , Tzu-Chieh Wei , Paul G. Kwiat

Quantum dense coding is one of the most important protocols in quantum communication. It derives from the idea of using quantum resources to boost the communication capacity and now serves as a key primitive across a variety of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Yu Guo , Bi-Heng Liu , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Rapid advancements in quantum computing and machine learning threaten the long-term security of classical blockchain systems, whose protection mechanisms largely rely on computational difficulties. In this study, we propose a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Aktaş , Arzu , Yılmaz , İhsan

Superdense Coding is a cornerstone in secure quantum communication, exploiting pre-shared entanglement to encode two classical bits within a single qubit. However, noise and decoherence deteriorate entanglement quality, restricting both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-18 Syed Emad Uddin Shubha , Tasnuva Farheen

We discuss and generalize multi-particle entanglement based on statistical correlations using Ursell-Mayer type of cluster coefficients. Cluster coefficients are used to distinguish different, independent entangled systems as well as those…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-15 Atul Kumar , Mangala Sunder Krishnan

High-dimensional photonic entanglement is a promising candidate for error-protected quantum information processing with improved capacity. Encoding high-dimensional qudits in the carrier frequency of photons combines ease of generation,…

We present a controlled secure direct communication protocol by using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state via swapping quantum entanglement and local unitary operations. Since messages transferred only by using local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yan Xia , Chang-Bao Fu , Feng-Yue Li , Shou Zhang , Kyu-Hwang Yeon , Chung-In Um

A means and protocol is presented to send information on the Bell Channel to achieve the effect of superluminal signalling. The method is to use detection of a photon entangled state as one binary digit and either of the collapsed states as…

General Physics · Physics 2011-06-14 R. O. Cornwall

Quantum networks are composed of nodes which can send and receive quantum states by exchanging photons. Their goal is to facilitate quantum communication between any nodes, something which can be used to send secret messages in a secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Antonio Acin , J. Ignacio Cirac , Maciej Lewenstein

This study presents a generalized $n$-bit superdense coding protocol that enables the transmission of n classical bits of information using an entangled n--qubit quantum system and the transmission of $n-1$ qubits. The protocol involves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Saba Arife Bozpolat

Adopting quantum communication to modern networking requires transmitting quantum information through fiber-based infrastructure. We report the first demonstration of superdense coding over optical fiber links, taking advantage of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-08 Brian P. Williams , Ronald J. Sadlier , Travis S. Humble

The quantum dense coding (DC) protocol, which has no security feature, deals with the transmission of classical information encoded in a quantum state by using shared entanglement between a single sender and a single receiver. Its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Ayan Patra , Rivu Gupta , Tamoghna Das , Aditi Sen De

Transmitting unknown quantum states to distant locations is crucial for distributed quantum information protocols. The seminal quantum teleportation scheme achieves this feat while requiring prior maximal entanglement between the sender and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Arkaprabha Ghosal , Jatin Ghai , Tanmay Saha , Sibasish Ghosh , Mir Alimuddin

A deterministic direct quantum communication protocol by using swapping quantum entanglement and local unitary operations is proposed in this paper. A set of ordered EPR pairs in one of the four Bell states is used. For each pair, each of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Z. J. Zhang , Z. X. Man

We propose a scheme for the secure direct communication based on the entangled phase-coherent states, which shows an elevated level of confidentiality. The protocol gives a simultaneous security control for every bit of transferred…

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is an important quantum communication branch, which realizes the secure information transmission directly without encryption and decryption processes. Recently, two table-top experiments have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-24 Feng Zhu , Wei Zhang , Yubo Sheng , Yidong Huang

We present a one-shot method for preparing pure entangled states between a sender and a receiver at a minimal cost of entanglement and quantum communication. In the case of preparing unentangled states, an earlier paper showed that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Anura Abeyesinghe , Patrick Hayden , Graeme Smith , Andreas Winter