Related papers: A Note on the Sparing Number of Graphs

A graph G is weakly 4-connected if it is 3-connected, has at least five vertices, and for every pair of sets (A,B) with union V(G) and intersection of size three such that no edge has one end in A-B and the other in B-A, one of the induced…

A \emph{proper $t$-edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a mapping $\alpha: E(G)\rightarrow \{1,\ldots,t\}$ such that all colors are used, and $\alpha(e)\neq \alpha(e^{\prime})$ for every pair of adjacent edges $e,e^{\prime}\in E(G)$. If $\alpha…

A proper edge coloring of a graph without any bichromatic cycles is said to be an acyclic edge coloring of the graph. The acyclic chromatic index of a graph $G$ denoted by $a'(G)$, is the minimum integer $k$ such that $G$ has an acyclic…

Frank Harary introduced the concept of integral sum graph. A graph $G$ is an \emph{ integral sum graph} if its vertices can be labeled with distinct integers so that $e = uv$ is an edge of $G$ if and only if the sum of the labels on…

An injective coloring of a given graph G = (V, E) is a vertex coloring of G such that any two vertices with common neighbor receive distinct colors. An e-injective coloring of a graph G is a vertex coloring of G such that any two vertices…

Let $ G=(V,E) $ be a simple graph of order $ n $ and size $ m $. A connected edge cover set of a graph is a subset $S$ of edges such that every vertex of the graph is incident to at least one edge of $S$ and the subgraph induced by $S$ is…

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph. A dominating set of $G$ is a subset $D\subseteq V$ such that every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to at least one vertex in $D$. The cardinality of a smallest dominating set of $G$, denoted by $\gamma(G)$, is…

A graph $G$ has $p$-intersection number at most $d$ if it is possible to assign to every vertex $u$ of $G$, a subset $S(u)$ of some ground set $U$ with $|U|=d$ in such a way that distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$ are adjacent in $G$ if…

The distinguishing number (index) $D(G)$ ($D'(G)$) of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has an vertex labeling (edge labeling) with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. The strong product $G\boxtimes…

An edge labeling of a graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label of $x$ is…

Assume that a graph $G$ models a detection system for a facility with a possible "intruder," or a multiprocessor network with a possible malfunctioning processor. We consider the problem of placing (the minimum number of) detectors at a…

We propose to study a problem that arises naturally from both Topological Numbering of Directed Acyclic Graphs, and Additive Coloring (also known as Lucky Labeling). Let $D$ be a digraph and $f$ a labeling of its vertices with positive…

Let $G=(V, E)$ be a graph. A set $S\subseteq V(G)$ is a {\it dominating set} of $G$ if every vertex in $V\setminus S$ is adjacent to a vertex of $S$. The {\it domination number} of $G$, denoted by $\gamma(G)$, is the cardinality of a…

Given an edge-coloring of a simple graph, assign to every vertex $v$ a set $S_v$ comprised of the colors used on the edges incident to $v$. The $k$-intersection chromatic index of a graph is the minimum $t$ such that the edge set can be…

A vertex k-labeling of graph G is distinguishing if the only automorphism that preserves the labels of G is the identity map. The distinguishing number of G, D(G), is the smallest integer k for which G has a distinguishing k-labeling. In…

The determining number of a graph $G = (V,E)$ is the minimum cardinality of a set $S\subseteq V$ such that pointwise stabilizer of $S$ under the action of $Aut(G)$ is trivial. In this paper, we provide some improved upper and lower bounds…

A graph property (i.e., a set of graphs) is induced-hereditary or additive if it is closed under taking induced-subgraphs or disjoint unions. If $\cP$ and $\cQ$ are properties, the product $\cP \circ \cQ$ consists of all graphs $G$ for…

A fractional matching of a graph $G$ is a function $f:E(G) \to [0,1]$ such that for any $v\in V(G)$, $\sum_{e\in E_G(v)}f(e)\leq 1$ where $E_G(v) = \{e \in E(G): e$ is incident with $v$ in $G\}$. The fractional matching number of $G$ is…

Given a graph $G=(V,E)$, $f:V \rightarrow \{0,1,2 \}$ is the Italian dominating function of $G$ if $f$ satisfies $\sum_{u \in N(v)}f(u) \geq 2$ when $f(v)=0$. Denote $w(f)=\sum_{v \in V}f(v)$ as the weight of $f$. Let…

A \textit{distinguishing coloring} of a graph $G$ is a coloring of the vertices so that every nontrivial automorphism of $G$ maps some vertex to a vertex with a different color. The \textit{distinguishing number} of $G$ is the minimum $k$…