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A first-principles approach to the unitarity problem for black holes is systematically explored, based on the postulates of 1) quantum mechanics 2) the ability to approximately locally divide quantum gravitational systems into subsystems 3)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-04-26 Steven B. Giddings

We propose a correlation of local observables on many sites in macroscopic quantum systems. By measuring the correlation one can detect, if any, superposition of macroscopically distinct states, which we call macroscopic entanglement, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-24 Akira Shimizu , Tomoyuki Morimae

In these notes we describe recent progress in understanding finite size corrections to the black hole entropy. Much of the earlier work concerning quantum black holes has been in the limit of large charges when the area of the even horizon…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-08-24 Atish Dabholkar , Suresh Nampuri

A genuine notion of black holes can only be obtained in the fundamental framework of quantum gravity resolving the curvature singularities and giving an account of the statistical mechanical, microscopic degrees of freedom able to explain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-05 Christian Röken

We use exact results in a new approach to quantum gravity to study the effect of quantum loop corrections on the behavior of the metric of space-time near the Schwarzschild radius of a massive point particle in the Standard Model. We show…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 B. F. L. Ward

The structure of quantum theory assures the discrimination of any possible orthogonal set of states. However, the scenario becomes highly nontrivial in the limited measurement setting and leads to different classes of impossibility, viz.,…

Bell theorems show how to experimentally falsify local realism. Conclusive falsification is highly desirable as it would provide support for the most profoundly counterintuitive feature of quantum theory - nonlocality. Despite the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-22 Anne Broadbent , Hilary A. Carteret , Andre Allan Methot , Jonathan Walgate

Black hole entropy has been shown by 't Hooft to diverge at the horizon. The region near the horizon is in a thermal state, so entropy is linear to energy which consequently also diverges. We find a similar divergence for the energy of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-06-24 Ram Brustein , Judy Kupferman

The unitary crisis for black holes indicates an apparent need to modify local quantum field theory. This paper explores the idea that quantum mechanics and in particular unitarity are fundamental principles, but at the price of familiar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-03-19 Steven B. Giddings

One quantum characterization of a black hole motivated by (local) holography and thermodynamics is that it maximizes thermodynamic entropy for a given surface area. In the context of quantum gravity, this could be more fundamental than the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-29 Yuki Yokokura

We propose to detect quantum entanglement by a condition of local measurments. We find that this condition can detect efficiently the pure entangled states for both discrete and continuous variable systems. It does not depend on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Qing Xie , X. -X. Wu , X. -M. Ding , W. -L. Yang , R. -H. Yue , H. Fan

Effective field theory methods suggest that some rather-general extensions of General Relativity include, or are mimicked by, certain higher-order curvature corrections, with coupling constants expected to be small but otherwise arbitrary.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-29 Vitor Cardoso , Masashi Kimura , Andrea Maselli , Leonardo Senatore

Counting of microscopic states of black holes is discussed within the framework of loop quantum gravity. There are two different ways, one allowing for all spin states and the other involving only pure horizon states. The number of states…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-06-26 P. Mitra

We propose a CFT definition of local observables in both the exterior and interior of bulk black holes, whenever such an interior exists. We achieve this by introducing a small microcanonical black hole as a "probe" and using its modular…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-12-01 Jan de Boer , Daniel Louis Jafferis , Lampros Lamprou

A class of nonstationary spacetimes is obtained by means of a conformal transformation of the Schwarzschild metric, where the conformal factor $a(t)$ is an arbitrary function of the time coordinate only. We investigate several situations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-05 Marina M. C. Mello , Alan Maciel , Vilson T. Zanchin

Complementarity and nonlocality are two characteristic traits of quantum physics that distinguishes it from classical physics. In this paper, we prove that the complementarity between global and local observables in Bell's experiment sets…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-17 Hai Wang , Asutosh Kumar , Junde Wu

I argue that conventional estimates of the criterion for classical behavior of a macroscopic body are incorrect, because they do not take into account the locality of interactions, which characterizes the behavior of all systems described…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-24 T. Banks

In the local universe, black hole masses have been inferred from the observed increase in the velocities of stars at the centres of their host galaxies. So far, masses of supermassive black holes in the early universe have only been…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-04-01 Hamsa Padmanabhan , Abraham Loeb

One of the major problems in quantum gravity research is the lack of signals at the reach of present or near-future experimental facilities. In this paper, we show that this is not the case. Contrary to previous claims, the quantum decay of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-22 Bernard Carr , Piero Nicolini , Athanasios G. Tzikas

The article summarizes the observational evidence for the existence of massive black holes, as well as the current knowledge about their abundance, their mass and spin distributions, and their cosmic evolution within and together with their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-03 Reinhard Genzel