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Large scale hierarchies characterize complex networks in different domains. Elements at their top, usually the most central or influential, may show multipolarization or tend to club forming tightly interconnected communities. The rich-club…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Angeles Serrano

The rich-club concept has been introduced in order to characterize the presence of a cohort of nodes with a large number of links (rich nodes) that tend to be well connected between each other, creating a tight group (club). Rich-clubness…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-04-13 Alessandro Muscoloni , Carlo Vittorio Cannistraci

For many complex networks present in nature only a single instance, usually of large size, is available. Any measurement made on this single instance cannot be repeated on different realizations. In order to detect significant patterns in a…

The rich club organization (the presence of highly connected hub core in a network) influences many structural and functional characteristics of networks including topology, the efficiency of paths and distribution of load. Despite its…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-12-05 Máté Csigi , Attila Kőrösi , József Bíró , Zalán Heszberger , Yury Malkov , András Gulyás

Uncovering the hidden regularities and organizational principles of networks arising in physical systems ranging from the molecular level to the scale of large communication infrastructures is the key issue for the understanding of their…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-06-26 Vittoria Colizza , Alessandro Flammini , M. Angeles Serrano , Alessandro Vespignani

Identifying the hidden organizational principles and relevant structures of networks representing complex physical systems is fundamental to understand their properties. To this aim, uncovering the structures involving a network's prominent…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-08-17 Nicola Pedreschi , Demian Battaglia , Alain Barrat

Rich-club, assortativity and clustering coefficients are frequently-used measures to estimate topological properties of complex networks. Here we find that the connectivity among a very small portion of the richest nodes can dominate the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-20 Xiao-Ke Xu , Jie Zhang , Michael Small

Traditionally, there is no evidence suggesting that there are strong ties between the rich-club property and the function of complex networks. In this study, we find that whether a very small portion of rich nodes connected to each other or…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-28 Xiao-ke xu , Jie Zhang , Ping Li , Michael Small

The so-called rich-club phenomenon in a complex network is characterized when nodes of higher degree (hubs) are better connected among themselves than are nodes with smaller degree. The presence of the rich-club phenomenon may be an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Julian J. McAuley , Luciano da Fontoura Costa , Tiberio S. Caetano

Rich-club ordering and the dyadic effect are two phenomena observed in complex networks that are based on the presence of certain substructures composed of specific nodes. Rich-club ordering represents the tendency of highly connected and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Matteo Cinelli , Giovanna Ferraro , Antonio Iovanella

Complex systems are often characterized by large-scale hierarchical organizations. Whether the prominent elements, at the top of the hierarchy, share and control resources or avoid one another lies at the heart of a system's global…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Tore Opsahl , Vittoria Colizza , Pietro Panzarasa , Jose J. Ramasco

Spatial networks are widely used in various fields to represent and analyze interactions or relationships between locations or spatially distributed entities.There is a network science concept known as the 'rich club' phenomenon, which…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Jacob Kruse , Song Gao , Yuhan Ji , Keith Levin , Qunying Huang , Kenneth R. Mayer

We show that the Internet topology at the Autonomous System (AS) level has a rich--club phenomenon. The rich nodes, which are a small number of nodes with large numbers of links, are very well connected to each other. The rich--club is a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Shi Zhou , Raul J Mondragon

Rich-club ordering refers to the tendency of nodes with a high degree to be more interconnected than expected. In this paper we consider the concept of rich-club ordering when generalized to structural measures that differ from the node…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-02-21 Matteo Cinelli

We propose that the rich-club phenomena in complex networks should be defined in the spirit of bootstrapping, in which a null model is adopted to assess the statistical significance of the rich-club detected. Our method can be served as a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-04-05 Zhi-Qiang Jiang , Wei-Xing Zhou

Many complex networks display a mesoscopic structure with groups of nodes sharing many links with the other nodes in their group and comparatively few with nodes of different groups. This feature is known as community structure and encodes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-07-31 Andrea Lancichinetti , Santo Fortunato

In complex networks the rich nodes are the subset of nodes with high degree. These well connected nodes tend to dominate the organisation of the network's structure. In non-evolving networks, a reference network has been used to detect if…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-16 R. J. Mondragon , S. Zhou

Many scale-free networks exhibit a rich club structure, where high degree vertices form tightly interconnected subgraphs. In this paper, we explore the emergence of rich clubs in the context of shortest path based centrality metrics. We…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Soumya Sarkar , Animesh Mukherjee , Sanjukta Bhowmick

Many mobile networks are represented as graphs to obtain insight to their connectivity and transmission properties. Among these properties centrality resilience, that is, how well centralities, such as closeness and betweennesss, are…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Fariba Afrin Irany , Soumya Sarakar , Animesh Mukherjee , Sanjukta Bhowmick

A complex system can be represented and analyzed as a network, where nodes represent the units of the network and edges represent connections between those units. For example, a brain network represents neurons as nodes and axons between…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-11-03 M. A. Bertolero , B. T. T. Yeo , M. D'Esposito
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