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The structure of very complicated irregular "microscopic" (local) entropy fluctuations around a big separated "macroscopic" (global) fluctuation in the statistical equilibrium was studied in numerical experiments on a simple 2--freedom…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Boris Chirikov , Oleg Zhirov

Although higher-order interactions are known to affect the typical state of dynamical processes giving rise to new collective behavior, how they drive the emergence of rare events and fluctuations is still an open problem. We investigate…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-09-09 Leonardo Di Gaetano , Giorgio Carugno , Federico Battiston , Francesco Coghi

We analyze about two hundred naturally occurring networks with distinct dynamical origins to formally test whether the commonly assumed hypothesis of an underlying scale-free structure is generally viable. This has recently been questioned…

The hidden variable formalism (based on the assumption of some intrinsic node parameters) turned out to be a remarkably efficient and powerful approach in describing and analyzing the topology of complex networks. Owing to one of its most…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-13 Sámuel G. Balogh , Péter Pollner , Gergely Palla

We study the role of fluctuations in percolation of sparse complex networks. To this end we consider two random correlated realizations of the initial damage of the nodes and we evaluate the fraction of nodes that are expected to remain in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-07-12 Ginestra Bianconi

Collective dynamics result from interactions among noisy dynamical components. Examples include heartbeats, circadian rhythms, and various pattern formations. Because of noise in each component, collective dynamics inevitably involve…

Biological Physics · Physics 2010-09-09 Naoki Masuda , Yoji Kawamura , Hiroshi Kori

In some situations in stochastic thermodynamics not all relevant slow degrees of freedom are accessible. Consequently, one adopts an effective description involving only the visible degrees of freedom. This gives rise to an apparent entropy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-12 Marcel Kahlen , Jannik Ehrich

Fluctuation scaling is observed phenomenon from complex networks through finance to ecology. It means that the variance and the mean of a specific quantity are related as $\ev{\sigma^2|n}\propto \ev{n|A}^{2\alpha}$ with $1/2\geq \alpha \geq…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Zoltan Eisler , Janos Kertesz

Ecological networks such as plant-pollinator systems and food webs vary in space and time. This variability includes fluctuations in global network properties such as total number and intensity of interactions but also in the local…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-23 Tancredi Caruso , Giulio Virginio Clemente , Matthias C Rillig , Diego Garlaschelli

Many real-world scale-free networks, such as neural networks and online communication networks, consist of a fixed number of nodes but exhibit dynamic edge fluctuations. However, traditional models frequently overlook scenarios where the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yichao Yao , Minyu Feng , Matjaž Perc , Jürgen Kurths

We rigorously prove a central limit theorem for neural network models with a single hidden layer. The central limit theorem is proven in the asymptotic regime of simultaneously (A) large numbers of hidden units and (B) large numbers of…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Justin Sirignano , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

We study the dynamics of the Internet topology based on the empirical data on the level of the autonomous systems. It is found that the fluctuations occurring in the stochastic process of connecting and disconnecting edges are important…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 K. -I. Goh , B. Kahng , D. Kim

We propose and analyze a stochastic model which explains, analytically, the cutoff behavior of real scale-free networks previously modeled computationally by Amaral et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97, 11149 (2000)] and others. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-01-05 Tiago Simas , Luis M. Rocha

We analyze the degree distribution's cut-off in finite size scale-free networks. We show that the cut-off behavior with the number of vertices $N$ is ruled by the topological constraints induced by the connectivity structure of the network.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Marian Boguna , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

An anomalous mean-field solution is known to capture the non trivial phase diagram of the Ising model in annealed complex networks. Nevertheless the critical fluctuations in random complex networks remain mean-field. Here we show that a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 Serena Bradde , Fabio Caccioli , Luca Dall'Asta , Ginestra Bianconi

A diffusive system coupled to unequal boundary reservoirs reaches a non-equilibrium steady state. While the full-counting-statistics of current fluctuations in these states are well understood for generic systems, results for steady-state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-29 Soumyabrata Saha , Tridib Sadhu

We study the fluctuation properties and return-time statistics on inhomogeneous scale-free networks using packets moving with two different dynamical rules; random diffusion and locally navigated diffusive motion with preferred edges.…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-02-25 Bernard Kujawski , Bosiljka Tadic , Geoff J. Rodgers

We consider the asymptotic behaviour of a family of unidimensional lattice fermion models, which are in exact correspondence with certain probability laws on partitions and on unitary matrices. These models exhibit limit shapes, and in the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-02-09 Harriet Walsh

Numerical and experimental turbulence simulations are nowadays reaching the size of the so-called big data, thus requiring refined investigative tools for appropriate statistical analyses and data mining. We present a new approach based on…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-01-05 Stefania Scarsoglio , Giovanni Iacobello , Luca Ridolfi

Several fundamental properties of real complex networks, such as the small-world effect, the scale-free degree distribution, and recently discovered topological fractal structure, have presented the possibility of a unique growth mechanism…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-13 Liuhua Zou , Wenjiang Pei , Tao Li , Zhenya He , Yiuming Cheung