Related papers: The complex architecture of primes and natural num…
We have constructed a Carmichael number with 10,333,229,505 prime factors, and have also constructed Carmichael numbers with k prime factors for every k between 3 and 19,565,220. These computations are the product of implementations of two…
We formulate the statistics of the discrete multicomponent fragmentation event using a methodology borrowed from statistical mechanics. We generate the ensemble of all feasible distributions that can be formed when a single integer…
Recently Oliver and Soundararajan made conjectures based on computational enumerations about the frequency of occurrence of pairs of last digits for consecutive primes. By studying Eratosthenes sieve, we have identified discrete dynamic…
Using evaluations of the difference between consecutive primes we develop another way of estimating of the number of primes in the interval $(n, 2n)$. We also discuss the ultra Cramer conjecture, $p_{n+1} - p_n = O(log^{1+\epsilon}p_n)$…
We introduce a sieve for counting twin primes up to a given range. Our method depends on a parameter ${\lambda}_x$ and the estimation of the number of twin primes obtained as a result, is called a fundamental structure of the distribution…
Assuming the obvious definitions (see paper) we show the a decidable model that is effectively prime is also effectively atomic. This implies that two effectively prime (decidable) models are computably isomorphic. This is in contrast to…
To determine whether a number is congruent or not is an old and difficult topic and progress is slow. The paper presents a new theorem when a prime number is a congruent number or not. The proof is not necessarily any simpler or shorter…
For a fixed rational number g different from -1,0,1 and integers a and d the set N_g(a,d) of primes p for which the order of g(mod p) is congruent to a(mod d) is considered. It is shown, assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH),…
Kolmogorov complexity and algorithmic probability are defined only up to an additive resp. multiplicative constant, since their actual values depend on the choice of the universal reference computer. In this paper, we analyze a natural…
Prime numbers have attracted the attention of mathematiciansand enthusiasts for millenniums due to their simple definition and remarkable properties. In this paper, we study primorial numbers (the product of the first prime numbers) to…
We give an estimation of the existence density for the $2d$ different primes by using a new and simple algorithm for getting the $2d$ different primes. The algorithm is a kind of the sieve method, but the remainders are the central numbers…
This article presents a modern deterministic framework for the study of leading significant digit distributions in numerical data. Rather than relying on traditional probabilistic or mixture-based explanations, we demonstrate that the…
The paper describes a prime factorization of the Catalan numbers. Odd prime factors are distributed in layers in accordance with Legendre's formula. The content of each layer is a network of the intervals, Chebyshev's Segments. The primes…
Complex networks provide a powerful mathematical representation of complex systems in nature and society. To understand complex networks, it is crucial to explore their internal structures, also called structural regularities. The task of…
In this work, we propose a deep neural network architecture motivated by primal-dual splitting methods from convex optimization. We show theoretically that there exists a close relation between the derived architecture and residual…
Many of life's most fascinating phenomena emerge from interactions among many elements--many amino acids determine the structure of a single protein, many genes determine the fate of a cell, many neurons are involved in shaping our thoughts…
Every natural number greater than $2$ can be written as the sum of a prime and a square-free number, and recent work has imposed additional divisibility conditions on the square-free number. We overcome limitations in these works to prove…
Let $k\geq 2$ be a fixed natural number. We establish the existence of infinitely many pairs of consecutive primes $p_n$, $p_{n+1}$ satisfying $$ p_{n+1}-p_n\geq c\:\frac{\log p_n\: \log_2 p_n\: \log_4 p_n}{\log_3 p_n}\:,$$ with $c$ being a…
A numerical study on the distributions of primes in short intervals of length $h$ over the natural numbers $N$ is presented. Based on Cram\'er's model in Number Theory, we obtain a heuristic expression applicable when $h \gg \log{N}$ but $h…
In this paper, we analyze properties of prime number sequences produced by the alternating sum of higher-order subsequences of the primes. We also introduce a new sieve which will generate these prime number sequences via the systematic…