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Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in numerous domains with help from large amounts of big data. However, the quality of data labels is a concern because of the lack of high-quality labels in many real-world scenarios. As noisy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Hwanjun Song , Minseok Kim , Dongmin Park , Yooju Shin , Jae-Gil Lee

We propose the Uncertainty Contrastive Framework (UCF), a Positive-Unlabeled (PU) representation learning framework that integrates uncertainty-aware contrastive loss, adaptive temperature scaling, and a self-attention-guided LSTM encoder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Elias Hossain , Umesh Biswas , Charan Gudla , Sai Phani Parsa

Deep neural networks may easily memorize noisy labels present in real-world data, which degrades their ability to generalize. It is therefore important to track and evaluate the robustness of models against noisy label memorization. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Mahsa Forouzesh , Hanie Sedghi , Patrick Thiran

Supervised learning is a mainstream approach to audio signal enhancement (SE) and requires parallel training data consisting of both noisy signals and the corresponding clean signals. Such data can only be synthesised and are mismatched…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Nobutaka Ito , Masashi Sugiyama

Weakly supervised learning has emerged as a practical alternative to fully supervised learning when complete and accurate labels are costly or infeasible to acquire. However, many existing methods are tailored to specific supervision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Miao Zhang , Junpeng Li , Changchun Hua , Yana Yang

With the widespread use of machine learning for classification, it becomes increasingly important to be able to use weaker kinds of supervision for tasks in which it is hard to obtain standard labeled data. One such kind of supervision is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Soham Dan , Han Bao , Masashi Sugiyama

In this paper, we present a simple and efficient method for training deep neural networks in a semi-supervised setting where only a small portion of training data is labeled. We introduce self-ensembling, where we form a consensus…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Samuli Laine , Timo Aila

Classification is an important task in many fields including biomedical research and machine learning. Traditionally, a classification rule is constructed based a bunch of labeled data. Recently, due to technological innovation and…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-06-19 Jing Wang , Eunsik Park , Yuan-chin Ivan Chang

We study the problem of learning from positive and unlabeled (PU) data in the federated setting, where each client only labels a little part of their dataset due to the limitation of resources and time. Different from the settings in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Xinyang Lin , Hanting Chen , Yixing Xu , Chao Xu , Xiaolin Gui , Yiping Deng , Yunhe Wang

Positive-unlabeled (PU) learning deals with binary classification problems when only positive (P) and unlabeled (U) data are available. Many recent PU methods are based on neural networks, but little has been done to develop boosting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Yawen Zhao , Mingzhe Zhang , Chenhao Zhang , Weitong Chen , Nan Ye , Miao Xu

In a semi-supervised learning scenario, (possibly noisy) partially observed labels are used as input to train a classifier, in order to assign labels to unclassified samples. In this paper, we study this classifier learning problem from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Gene Cheung , Weng-Tai Su , Yu Mao , Chia-Wen Lin

The goal of positive-unlabeled (PU) learning is to train a binary classifier on the basis of training data containing positive and unlabeled instances, where unlabeled observations can belong either to the positive class or to the negative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-02 Paweł Teisseyre , Konrad Furmańczyk , Jan Mielniczuk

Current state-of-the-art deep learning systems for visual object recognition and detection use purely supervised training with regularization such as dropout to avoid overfitting. The performance depends critically on the amount of labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-04-16 Scott Reed , Honglak Lee , Dragomir Anguelov , Christian Szegedy , Dumitru Erhan , Andrew Rabinovich

For many interesting tasks, such as medical diagnosis and web page classification, a learner only has access to some positively labeled examples and many unlabeled examples. Learning from this type of data requires making assumptions about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Jessa Bekker , Jesse Davis

Classification predicts classes of objects using the knowledge learned during the training phase. This process requires learning from labeled samples. However, the labeled samples usually limited. Annotation process is annoying, tedious,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Shahira Shaaban Azab , Mohamed Farouk Abdel Hady , Hesham Ahmed Hefny

Unsupervised person re-identification (re-ID) aims at closing the performance gap to supervised methods. These methods build reliable relationship between data points while learning representations. However, we empirically show that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Xuanyu He , Wei Zhang , Ran Song , Qian Zhang , Xiangyuan Lan , Lin Ma

Weakly supervised learning has drawn considerable attention recently to reduce the expensive time and labor consumption of labeling massive data. In this paper, we investigate a novel weakly supervised learning problem of learning from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-16 Yuzhou Cao , Lei Feng , Yitian Xu , Bo An , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Self-training is a well-known approach for semi-supervised learning. It consists of iteratively assigning pseudo-labels to unlabeled data for which the model is confident and treating them as labeled examples. For neural networks, softmax…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Ambroise Odonnat , Vasilii Feofanov , Ievgen Redko

Positive-Unlabeled (PU) learning presents unique challenges due to the lack of explicitly labeled negative samples, particularly in high-stakes domains such as fraud detection and medical diagnosis. To address data scarcity and privacy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-17 Jialei Liu , Jun Liao , Kuangnan Fang

We propose a new approach to train a variational information bottleneck (VIB) that improves its robustness to adversarial perturbations. Unlike the traditional methods where the hard labels are usually used for the classification task, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Weizhu Qian , Bowei Chen , Xiaowei Huang