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Quantum cryptography allows one to distribute a secret key between two remote parties using the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. The well-known established paradigm for the quantum key distribution relies on the actual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Tae-Gon Noh

Secret sharing allows three or more parties to share secret information which can only be decrypted through collaboration. It complements quantum key distribution as a valuable resource for securely distributing information. Here we take…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-16 Michael de Oliveira , Isaac Nape , Jonathan Pinnell , Najmeh TabeBordbar , Andrew Forbes

A (k,n)-threshold secret-sharing scheme allows for a string to be split into n shares in such a way that any subset of at least k shares suffices to recover the secret string, but such that any subset of at most k-1 shares contains no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Yingkai Ouyang , Si-Hui Tan , Liming Zhao , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

In this work we address the issue of sharing a quantum secret over untrusted channels between the dealer and players. Existing methods require entanglement over a number of systems which scales with the security parameter, quickly becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-03 Anne Marin , Damian Markham

After analysing the main quantum secret sharing protocol based on the entanglement states, we propose an idea to directly encode the qubit of quantum key distributions, and then present a quantum secret sharing scheme where only product…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Guo-Ping Guo , Guang-Can Guo

In the $\left( {t,n} \right)$ threshold quantum secret sharing scheme, it is difficult to ensure that internal participants are honest. In this paper, a verifiable $\left( {t,n} \right)$ threshold quantum secret sharing scheme is designed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Li-Juan Liu , Zhi-Hui Li , Zhao-Wei Han , Dan-Li Zhi

We investigate the approximate quantum state sharing protocol based on random unitary channels, which is secure against any exterior or interior attackers in principle. Although the protocol leaks small information for a security parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-24 Dong Pyo Chi , Kabgyun Jeong

Recently, Yamaguchi and Kempf [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136:010801, arXiv:2501.02757] proved that encrypted qubits can be cloned. In this work, we generalize the encrypted cloning protocol and prove that it also applies to higher-order quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Filip-Ioan Ceară

A resilient secret sharing scheme is supposed to generate the secret correctly even after some shares are damaged. In this paper, we show how quantum error correcting codes can be exploited to design a resilient quantum secret sharing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-02 Arpita Maitra , Goutam Paul

We investigate the concept of quantum secret sharing. In a ((k,n)) threshold scheme, a secret quantum state is divided into n shares such that any k of those shares can be used to reconstruct the secret, but any set of k-1 or fewer shares…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Richard Cleve , Daniel Gottesman , Hoi-Kwong Lo

We propose a quantum secret sharing protocol between multi-party ($m$ members in group 1) and multi-party ($n$ members in group 2) using a sequence of single photons. These single photons are used directly to encode classical information in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Feng-Li Yan , Ting Gao

This paper introduces the Symmetric Extensible Quantum Secret Sharing protocol, which is a novel quantum protocol for secret sharing. At its heart, it is an entanglement based protocol that relies on the use of maximally entangled GHZ…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Michael Ampatzis , Theodore Andronikos

We propose a new cryptographic protocol. It is suggested to encode information in ordinary binary form into many-qubit entangled states with the help of a quantum computer. A state of qubits (realized, e.g., with photons) is transmitted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 K. V. Bayandin , G. B. Lesovik

We consider the cloning of sequences of qubits prepared in the states used in the BB84 or 6-state quantum cryptography protocol, and show that the single-qubit fidelity is unaffected even if entire sequences of qubits are prepared in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. -P. Lamoureux , H. Bechmann-Pasquinucci , N. J. Cerf , N. Gisin , C. Macchiavello

We discuss how quantum information distribution can improve the performance of some quantum computation tasks. This distribution can be naturally implemented with different types of quantum cloning procedures. We give two examples of tasks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ernesto F. Galvao , Lucien Hardy

Quantum communication is an important application that derives from the burgeoning field of quantum information and quantum computation. Focusing on secure communication, quantum cryptography has two major directions of development, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-31 Junxu Li , Zixuan Hu , Sabre Kais

Properties of unitary time evolution of quantum systems can be applied to define quantum cryptographic protocols. Dynamics of a qubit can be exploited as a data encryption/decryption procedure by means of timed measurements, implementation…

General Physics · Physics 2017-01-17 Davide Pastorello

Quantum secret-sharing and quantum error-correction schemes rely on multipartite decoding protocols, yet the non-local operations involved are challenging and sometimes infeasible. Here we construct a quantum secret-sharing protocol with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-02 Vlad Gheorghiu , Barry C. Sanders

The laws of quantum mechanics allow for the distribution of a secret random key between two parties. Here we analyse the security of a protocol for establishing a common secret key between N parties (i.e. a conference key), using resource…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-13 Michael Epping , Hermann Kampermann , Chiara Macchiavello , Dagmar Bruß

In probabilistic cloning with two auxiliary systems, we consider and compare three different protocols for the success probabilities of cloning. We show that, in certain circumstances, it may increase the success probability to add an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Lvjun Li , Daowen Qiu