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Bell's theorem proves the incompatibility between quantum mechanics and local realistic hidden-variable theories. In this paper we show that, contrary to a common belief, the theoretical proof of Bell's theorem is not affected by…

General Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Andrea Aiello

Bell inequalities exclude a broad class of local hidden-variable explanations of quantum correlations. A recurring objection is that the usual Bell form is static, whereas real measuring devices may contain local memory, stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Ming Yang

Bell's theorem is supposed to exclude all local hidden-variable models of quantum correlations. However, an explicit counterexample shows that a new class of local realistic models, based on generalized arithmetic and calculus, can exactly…

General Physics · Physics 2021-02-23 Marek Czachor

The Bell inequality is thought to be a common constraint shared by all models of local hidden variables that aim to describe the entangled states of two qubits. Since the inequality is violated by the quantum mechanical description of these…

General Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 David H. Oaknin

A local and deterministic model of quantum correlations is always possible, as shown explicitly by Brans in 1988: one simply needs the physical systems being measured to have a suitable statistical correlation with the physical systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-02 Michael J. W. Hall

Superdeterminism has received recent attention as a possible path toward a locally causal explanation of the entanglement correlations that appear in experimental tests of Bell's theorem. While the term `superdeterminism' was coined by Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Mordecai Waegell

Bell inequalities or Bell-like experiments are supposed to test hidden variable theories based on three intuitive assumptions: determinism, locality and measurement independence. If one of the assumptions of Bell inequality is properly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-19 R. Rossi , Leonardo A. M. Souza

Hidden-variable models aim to reproduce the results of quantum theory and to satisfy our classical intuition. Their refutation is usually based on deriving predictions that are different from those of quantum mechanics. Here instead we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-05 Radu Ionicioiu , Robert B. Mann , Daniel R. Terno

This paper furthers the long historical examination of and debate on the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM) by presenting two local hidden variable (LHV) rules in the context of the EPRB experiment which violate Bell's inequality, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Z. Nuri

Quantum trajectory theories have not fully reconciled discrete quantum jumps with continuous unitary evolution. We address this challenge by developing a hidden variable formulation that reveals hidden correlations in individual trials. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Hiroshi Ishikawa

We discuss the problem of hidden variables and the motivation for introducting them in quantum mechanics. These include determinism, and the problem of meassurement and incompleteness. We first discuss Von-Neumann's imposisbility proof and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Virendra Singh

The concept of 'super-indeterminism' captures the notion that the free choice assumption of orthodox quantum mechanics necessitates only the following requirement: an agent's free-choice performance in the selection of measurement settings…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-01 Jan Walleczek

Many of the heated arguments about the meaning of "Bell's theorem" arise because this phrase can refer to two different theorems that John Bell proved, the first in 1964 and the second in 1976. His 1964 theorem is the incompatibility of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-13 Howard M. Wiseman

Bell's theorem states that no description of a Bell experiment can be simultaneously local, realistic in the sense of counterfactual definiteness, and free of conspiracy between settings and hidden state. The recent generation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Richard D Gill , Inge S. Helland , Bart Jongejan

A simple local hidden-variables model is exhibited which reproduces the results of all performed tests of Bell\'{}s inequalities involving optical photon pairs. For the old atomic-cascade experiments, like Aspect\'{}s, the model agrees with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Emilio Santos

We analyse the proof of Bell's inequality and demonstrate that this inequality is related to one particular model of probability theory, namely Kolmogorov measure-theoretical axiomatics, 1933. We found a (numerical) statistical correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Andrei Khrennikov

Besides well-known conditions of locality or factorisability, deriving the Bell inequalities requires assuming that the distribution of hidden variables and Alice's and Bob's measurement settings be independent of each other. We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 G. Bacciagaluppi , R. Hermens , G. Leegwater

Hance and Hossenfelder recently claim that the extensive experimental confirmations of Bell's Theorem do not in fact demonstrate that nature is nonlocal, but merely that nature can be local only if the distant detector settings in a…

General Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Kent A. Peacock

Recently, it has been argued that no extension of quantum theory can have improved predictive power under a strong assumption of free choice of the experimental settings and validity of quantum mechanics. Here, under a different free choice…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-29 GianCarlo Ghirardi , Raffaele Romano

This paper discusses a possible resolution of the nonobjectivity-nonlocality dilemma in quantum mechanics in 'the light of experimental tests of the Bell inequality for two entangled photons and a Bell-like inequality for a single neutron.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-30 Andrei Khrennikov