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In exchange for large quantities of data and processing power, deep neural networks have yielded models that provide state of the art predication capabilities in many fields. However, a lack of strong guarantees on their behaviour have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Haakon Robinson , Adil Rasheed , Omer San

The classical approach to measure the expressive power of deep neural networks with piecewise linear activations is based on counting their maximum number of linear regions. This complexity measure is quite relevant to understand general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yuuki Takai , Akiyoshi Sannai , Matthieu Cordonnier

This paper explores the complexity of deep feedforward networks with linear pre-synaptic couplings and rectified linear activations. This is a contribution to the growing body of work contrasting the representational power of deep and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-17 Razvan Pascanu , Guido Montufar , Yoshua Bengio

We investigate the complexity of deep neural networks (DNN) that represent piecewise linear (PWL) functions. In particular, we study the number of linear regions, i.e. pieces, that a PWL function represented by a DNN can attain, both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Thiago Serra , Christian Tjandraatmadja , Srikumar Ramalingam

A deep neural network (DNN) with piecewise linear activations can partition the input space into numerous small linear regions, where different linear functions are fitted. It is believed that the number of these regions represents the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Xiao Zhang , Dongrui Wu

It is well-known that the expressivity of a neural network depends on its architecture, with deeper networks expressing more complex functions. In the case of networks that compute piecewise linear functions, such as those with ReLU…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-12 Boris Hanin , David Rolnick

The current understanding of deep neural networks can only partially explain how input structure, network parameters and optimization algorithms jointly contribute to achieve the strong generalization power that is typically observed in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Francesco Craighero , Fabrizio Angaroni , Alex Graudenzi , Fabio Stella , Marco Antoniotti

The developments of deep neural networks (DNN) in recent years have ushered a brand new era of artificial intelligence. DNNs are proved to be excellent in solving very complex problems, e.g., visual recognition and text understanding, to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Qiang Hu , Hao Zhang

Deep feedforward neural networks with piecewise linear activations are currently producing the state-of-the-art results in several public datasets. The combination of deep learning models and piecewise linear activation functions allows for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Zhibin Liao , Gustavo Carneiro

Many feedforward neural networks (NNs) generate continuous and piecewise-linear (CPWL) mappings. Specifically, they partition the input domain into regions on which the mapping is affine. The number of these so-called linear regions offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Alexis Goujon , Arian Etemadi , Michael Unser

Deep neural networks can approximate functions on different types of data, from images to graphs, with varied underlying structure. This underlying structure can be viewed as the geometry of the data manifold. By extending recent advances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Saket Tiwari , George Konidaris

Deep networks realize complex mappings that are often understood by their locally linear behavior at or around points of interest. For example, we use the derivative of the mapping with respect to its inputs for sensitivity analysis, or to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Guang-He Lee , David Alvarez-Melis , Tommi S. Jaakkola

A feedforward neural network using rectified linear units constructs a mapping from inputs to outputs by partitioning its input space into a set of convex regions where points within a region share a single affine transformation. In order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Sabrina Drammis , Bowen Zheng , Karthik Srinivasan , Robert C. Berwick , Nancy A. Lynch , Robert Ajemian

This paper investigates the approximation properties of deep neural networks with piecewise-polynomial activation functions. We derive the required depth, width, and sparsity of a deep neural network to approximate any H\"{o}lder smooth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Denis Belomestny , Alexey Naumov , Nikita Puchkin , Sergey Samsonov

The number of linear regions is one of the distinct properties of the neural networks using piecewise linear activation functions such as ReLU, comparing with those conventional ones using other activation functions. Previous studies showed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Rui Zhu , Bo Lin , Haixu Tang

The paper examines the discrete-time dynamics of neuron models (of excitatory and inhibitory types) with piecewise linear activation functions, which are connected in a network. The properties of a pair of neurons (one excitatory and the…

chao-dyn · Physics 2007-05-23 Sitabhra Sinha

One fundamental problem in deep learning is understanding the outstanding performance of deep Neural Networks (NNs) in practice. One explanation for the superiority of NNs is that they can realize a large class of complicated functions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 H. Xiong , L. Huang , M. Yu , L. Liu , F. Zhu , L. Shao

We define the local complexity of a neural network with continuous piecewise linear activations as a measure of the density of linear regions over an input data distribution. We show theoretically that ReLU networks that learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Niket Patel , Guido Montufar

We utilize a connection between compositional kernels and branching processes via Mehler's formula to study deep neural networks. This new probabilistic insight provides us a novel perspective on the mathematical role of activation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-20 Tengyuan Liang , Hai Tran-Bach

Neural networks are versatile tools for computation, having the ability to approximate a broad range of functions. An important problem in the theory of deep neural networks is expressivity; that is, we want to understand the functions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Khashayar Filom , Konrad Paul Kording , Roozbeh Farhoodi
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