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Related papers: A 4-vector formalism for classical mechanics

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We construct the covariant effective field theory of gravity as an expansion in inverse powers of the Planck mass, identifying the leading and next-to-leading quantum corrections. We determine the form of the effective action for the cases…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-08 Alessandro Codello , Rajeev Kumar Jain

It is usual in introductory courses of mechanics to develop the work and energy formalism from Newton's laws. On the other hand, literature analyzes the way in which forces transform under a change of reference frame. Notwithstanding, no…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-01-20 Rodolfo A. Diaz , William J. Herrera , Diego A. Manjarres

We consider spacelike surfaces in the four-dimensional Minkowski space and introduce geometrically an invariant linear map of Weingarten-type in the tangent plane at any point of the surface under consideration. This allows us to introduce…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-05-30 Georgi Ganchev , Velichka Milousheva

Classical relativistic system of point particles coupled with an electromagnetic field is considered in the three-dimensional representation. The gauge freedom connected with the chronometrical invariance of the four-dimensional description…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Tretyak , A. Nazarenko

After a review of the existing theory of non-inertial frames and mathematical observers in Minkowski space-time we give the explicit expression of a family of such frames obtained from the inertial ones by means of point-dependent Lorentz…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-20 Horace W. Crater , Luca Lusanna

Two criteria for the spectra of relativistic waves are proposed. Zero-point radiation provides the identity representation of the conformal group in Minkowski spacetime. Thermal radiation provides the irreducible representation of the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Timothy H. Boyer

We develop a formulation of particle mechanics in which the functional relation between force and kinetic energy is derived directly from local conservation mechanical energy $E$, rather than postulated through Newton's second law or a…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Thomas Oikonomou

Minkowski's concept of a four-dimensional physical space is a central paradigm of modern physics. The three-dimensional Maxwellian electrodynamics is uniquely generalized to the covariant four-dimensional form. Is the (1+3) decomposition of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-08 Y. Itin , Y. Friedman

We present a new derivation of the expressions for momentum and energy of a relativistic particle. In contrast to the procedures commonly adopted in textbooks, the one suggested here requires only the knowledge of the composition law for…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Sebastiano Sonego , Massimo Pin

A simple visual representation of Minkowski spacetime appropriate for a student with a background in geometry and algebra is presented. Minkowski spacetime can be modeled with a Euclidean 4-space to yield accurate visualizations as…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-06-03 Don V. Black , M. Gopi , F. Wessel , R. Pajarola , F. Kuester

When compared to quantum mechanics, classical mechanics is often depicted in a specific metaphysical flavour: spatio-temporal realism or a Newtonian "background" is presented as an intrinsic fundamental classical presumption. However, the…

General Physics · Physics 2025-05-30 C. Baumgarten

Linear algebra's main concerns are sets of vectors, linear functions, subspaces, linear systems, matrices and concepts about those, such as whether the solution of linear system exists or is unique; a set of vectors is linearly independent…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Iago Leal de Freitas , Júlia Mota , João Paixão , Lucas Rufino

A scheme for generating a family of convex variational principles is developed, the Euler- Lagrange equations of each member of the family formally corresponding to the necessary conditions of optimal control of a given system of ordinary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-13 Amit Acharya , Janusz Ginster

Quantum Mechanics is revisited as the appropriate theoretical framework for the description of the outcome of experiments that rely on the use of classical devices. In particular, it is emphasized that the limitations on the measurability…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

A consistent classical mechanics formulation is presented in such a way that, under quantization, it gives a noncommutative quantum theory with interesting new features. The Dirac formalism for constrained Hamiltonian systems is strongly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-06-12 Ricardo Amorim

We present an elementary system of axioms for the geometry of Minkowski spacetime. It strikes a balance between a simple and streamlined set of axioms and the attempt to give a direct formalization in first-order logic of the standard…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-07-28 Lorenzo Cocco , Joshua Babic

The original intent of the Koopman-von Neumann formalism was to put classical and quantum mechanics on the same footing by introducing an operator formalism into classical mechanics. Here we pursue their path the opposite way and examine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-08 Igor Mezic

I review the formalism, Feynman rules, and combinatorics that constrain a field to propagate ``classically", strictly in tree diagrams, either by itself, or interacting with other, purely quantum fields. The perturbation theory is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-03 Dimitrios Metaxas

The paper formulates Maxwell's equations in 4-dimensional Euclidean space by embedding the electromagnetic vector potential in the frame vector $g_0$. Relativistic electrodynamics is the first problem tackled; in spite of using a geometry…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose B. Almeida

The Hamiltonian formalism is extremely elegant and convenient to mechanics problems. However, its application to the classical field theories is a difficult task. In fact, you can set one to one correspondence between the Lagrangian and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-08-18 D. S. Kulyabov , A. V. Korolkova , L. A. Sevastyanov
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