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Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies in open wave systems with coalescence of at least two energy levels and their corresponding eigenstates. In higher dimensions, more complex EP physics not found in two-state systems is observed. We…

Topologically ordered phases have robust degenerate ground states against the local perturbations, providing a promising platform for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Despite of the non-local feature of the topological order, we find…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Cheol Hun Yeom , Beom Hyun Kim , Moon Jip Park

A short resume is given about the nature of exceptional points (EPs) followed by discussions about their ubiquitous occurrence in a great variety of physical problems. EPs feature in classical as well as in quantum mechanical problems. They…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-30 W. D. Heiss

Hamiltonian exceptional points (HEPs) are spectral degeneracies of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describing classical and semiclassical open systems with losses and/or gain. However, this definition overlooks the occurrence of quantum jumps in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Shilan Abo , Patrycja Tulewicz , Karol Bartkiewicz , Şahin K. Özdemir , Adam Miranowicz

A pair of anisotropic exceptional points (EPs) of arbitrary order are found in a class of non-Hermitian random systems with asymmetric hoppings. Both eigenvalues and eigenvectors exhibit distinct behaviors when these anisotropic EPs are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Yi-Xin Xiao , Zhao-Qing Zhang , Zhi Hong Hang , C. T. Chan

Exceptional points (EPs), at which both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, are ubiquitous and unique features of non-Hermitian systems. Second-order EPs are by far the most studied due to their abundance, requiring only the tuning of…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-02 Ipsita Mandal , Emil J. Bergholtz

Exceptional points associated with non-hermitian operators, i.e. operators being non-hermitian for real parameter values, are investigated. The specific characteristics of the eigenfunctions at the exceptional point are worked out. Within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. D. Heiss

The emergence of various types of degeneracies plays a crucial role in optimizing and engineering different physical phenomena in non-Hermitian physics. In our work, we focus on the derogatory Exceptional Points (EPs), which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Grigory A. Starkov , Sharareh Sayyad

Exceptional points are interesting physical phenomena in non-Hermitian physics at which the eigenvalues are degenerate and the eigenvectors coalesce. In this paper, we find that the universal feature of arbitrary non-Hermitian two level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-25 X. R. Wang , F. Yang , X. J. Yu , X. Q. Tong , S. P. Kou

Exceptional points are universal level degeneracies induced by non-Hermiticity. Whereas past decades witnessed their new physics, the unified understanding has yet to be obtained. Here we present the complete classification of generic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-13 Kohei Kawabata , Takumi Bessho , Masatoshi Sato

Exceptional points at which eigenvalues and eigenvectors of non-Hermitian matrices coalesce are ubiquitous in the description of a wide range of platforms from photonic or mechanical metamaterials to open quantum systems. Here, we introduce…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Tsuneya Yoshida , Emil J. Bergholtz , Tomáš Bzdušek

Non-Hermitian (NH) quantum systems host exceptional points (EPs), where eigenstates and eigenvalues coalesce, leading to unconventional many-body phenomena absent in Hermitian systems. While NH fermionic systems with complex interactions…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-09-23 Soma Takemori , Kazuki Yamamoto , Akihisa Koga

A non-Hermitian PT-symmetric version of the kicked top is introduced to study the interplay of quantum chaos with balanced loss and gain. The classical dynamics arising from the quantum dynamics of the angular momentum expectation values…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-15 Steve Mudute-Ndumbe , Eva-Maria Graefe

A periodic change of slow environmental parameters of a quantum system induces quantum holonomy. The phase holonomy is a well-known example. Another is a more exotic kind that exhibits eigenvalue and eigenspace holonomies. We introduce a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-19 Atushi Tanaka , Taksu Cheon

In the broad context of physics ranging from classical experimental optics to quantum mechanics of unitary as well as non-unitary systems there emerge interesting phenomena related to the presence of the so called Kato's exceptional points…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-17 Miloslav Znojil

The eigenvalues of a non-Hermitian Hamilton operator are complex and provide not only the energies but also the lifetimes of the states of the system. They show a non-analytical behavior at singular (exceptional) points (EPs). The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 H. Eleuch , I. Rotter

We identify a general connection between the physics of exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems and the few-photon bound states in waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems. We show that, in waveguide QED systems where the local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Shanshan Xu , Shanhui Fan

Exceptional points (EPs) determine the dynamics of open quantum systems and cause also PT symmetry breaking in PT symmetric systems. From a mathematical point of view, this is caused by the fact that the phases of the wavefunctions…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-04-30 Hichem Eleuch , Ingrid Rotter

Recently, there has been intense research in proposing and developing various methods for constructing high-order exceptional points (EPs) in dissipative systems. These EPs can possess a number of intriguing properties related to, e.g.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-12 Ievgen I. Arkhipov , Fabrizio Minganti , Adam Miranowicz , Franco Nori

Exceptional points are the branch-point singularities of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and have rich consequences in open-system dynamics. While the exceptional points and their critical phenomena are widely studied in the non-Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-22 Konghao Sun , Wei Yi