Related papers: Electrostatic cooling in Ion-Exchange Membranes
We introduce a model for ionic electrodiffusion and osmotic water flow through cells and tissues. The model consists of a system of partial differential equations for ionic concentration and fluid flow with interface conditions at deforming…
Particle-in-cell direct simulation Monte Carlo simulations reveal that ion-acoustic instabilities excited in presheaths can cause significant ion heating. Ion-acoustic instabilities are excited by the ion flow toward a sheath when the…
Ion transport through narrow water--filled channels is impeded by a high electrostatic barrier. The latter originates from the large ratio of the dielectric constants of the water and a surrounding media. We show that ``doping'', i.e.…
Whereas the majority of ions in the bulk of a solvent-free ionic liquid is bound into clusters, this is expected to change in the electrical double layer (EDL), in which the resulting electric field 'prefers' to interact with electrical…
We study a model for macroions in an electrolyte solution confined by a semipermeable membrane. The membrane finite thickness is considered and both membrane surfaces are uniformly charged. The model explicitly includes electrostatic and…
We show that an electric field parallel to an electrically neutral surface can generate flow of electrolytic mixtures in small channels. We term this solvo-osmotic flow, since the flow is induced by the asymmetric preferential solvation of…
A new scenario of thermalization process of the adsorbate attached at solid surfaces is proposed. The scenario is based on existence of electric dipole layer in which the electron wavefunctions extend over the positive ions. Thus the strong…
We present a "fluid dynamics video" showing results from direct numerical simulations of electrokinetic transport in a binary electrolyte in two systems: (1) next to an ion-selective membrane and (2) around a metallic cylinder. The…
We find that, under appropriate conditions, electrons can pass a barrier etched across a two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) by field emission from the GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction into a second, low-density 2DEG formed deep in the substrate.…
We calculate the ion distributions around an interface in fluid mixtures of highly polar and less polar fluids (water and oil) for two and three ion species. We take into account the solvation and image interactions between ions and…
Strong ionization on close-in extrasolar giant planets suggests that their atmospheres may be affected by ion drag and resistive heating arising from wind-driven electrodynamics. Recent models of ion drag on these planets, however, are…
Ionic solids and melts are compounds in which the interactions are dominated by electrostatic effects. However, the polarization of the ions also plays an important role in many respects as has been clarified in recent years thanks to the…
A model of a finite cylindrical ion channel through a phospholipid membrane of width $L$ separating two electrolyte reservoirs is studied. Analytical solution of the Poisson equation is obtained for an arbitrary distribution of ions inside…
It is well known that at the gel-liquid phase transition temperature a lipid bilayer membrane exhibits an increased ion permeability. We analyze the quantized currents in which the increased permeability presents itself. The open time…
Electrochemical devices often consist of multicomponent electrolyte solutions. Two processes influence the overall dynamics of these devices: the formation of electrical double layers and chemical conversion due to redox reactions. However,…
The physical processes that control the partition of released magnetic energy between electrons and ions during reconnection is explored through particle-in-cell simulations and analytical techniques. We demonstrate that the development of…
In this letter, using energy transfers, we demonstrate a route to thermalization in an isolated ensemble of realistic gas particles. We performed a grid-free classical molecular dynamics simulation of two-dimensional Lenard-Jones gas. We…
Previous formulations of heating and transport associated with strong magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are generalized to incorporate separate internal energy equations for electrons and protons. Electron heat conduction is included.…
The electrostatic screening properties of ionic fluids are of paramount importance in countless physical processes. Yet, the behavior of ionic conductors out of thermal equilibrium has to date mainly been studied in the context of…
Laser cooling is theoretically investigated in a cascade three-level scheme, where the excited state of a laser-driven transition is coupled by a second laser to a top, more stable level, as for alkali-earth atoms. The second laser action…