Related papers: Dealing with correlated choices: How a spin-glass …
We present an algorithm for the optimization and thermal equilibration of spin glasses - or more generally, cost functions of the Ising form $H=\sum_{\langle i j\rangle} J_{ij} s_i s_j + \sum_i h_i s_i$, defined on graphs with arbitrary…
In the many fields in which the Ising model is applied nowadays, the spin variables are often assumed to be of spin-class $\{-1,1\}$ or $\{0,1\}$, even though for any mix of binary real valued spin-classes a proper Ising model distribution…
We develop a model of issue-specific voting behavior. This model can be used to explore lawmakers' personal voting patterns of voting by issue area, providing an exploratory window into how the language of the law is correlated with…
A subjective expected utility policy making centre, managing complex, dynamic systems, needs to draw on the expertise of a variety of disparate panels of experts and integrate this information coherently. To achieve this, diverse supporting…
A powerful existing technique for evaluating statistical mechanical quantities in two-dimensional Ising models is based on constructing a matrix representing the nearest neighbor spin couplings and then evaluating the Pfaffian of the…
The large majority of inferences drawn in empirical political research follow from model-based associations (e.g. regression). Here, we articulate the benefits of predictive modeling as a complement to this approach. Predictive models aim…
In cluster analysis, it can be useful to interpret the partition built from the data in the light of external categorical variables which were not directly involved to cluster the data. An approach is proposed in the model-based clustering…
In societal-scale decision-making systems the collective is faced with the problem of ensuring that the derived group decision is in accord with the collective's intention. In modern systems, political institutions have instatiated…
Nowadays there is an increasing interest of physicists in finding regularities related to social phenomena. This interest is clearly motivated by applications that a statistical mechanical description of the human behavior may have in our…
Multiplex networks consist of a fixed set of nodes connected by several sets of edges which are generated separately and correspond to different networks ("layers"). Here, the Ising model on multiplex networks with two layers is considered,…
We introduce a simple, geometric model of opinion polarization. It is a model of political persuasion, as well as marketing and advertising, utilizing social values. It focuses on the interplay between different topics and persuasion…
While LLMs have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in text generation and reasoning, their ability to simulate human decision-making -- particularly in political contexts -- remains an open question. However, modeling voter behavior…
We study the problem of determining the Hamiltonian of a fully connected Ising Spin Glass of $N$ units from a set of measurements, whose sizes needs to be ${\cal O}(N^2)$ bits. The student-teacher scenario, used to study learning in…
A simple Ising spin model which can describe the mechanism of price formation in financial markets is proposed. In contrast to other agent-based models, the influence does not flow inward from the surrounding neighbors to the center site,…
Many democratic societies use district-based elections, where the region under consideration is geographically divided into districts and a representative is chosen for each district based on the preferences of the electors who reside…
Inference and learning of graphical models are both well-studied problems in statistics and machine learning that have found many applications in science and engineering. However, exact inference is intractable in general graphical models,…
We analyse the relationship between dynamics and configuration space structure of Ising spin glass systems. The exact knowledge of the structure of the low--energy landscape is used to study the relaxation of the system by random walk in…
A disordered spin glass model where both static and dynamical properties depend on macroscopic magnetizations is presented. These magnetizations interact via random couplings and, therefore, the typical quenched realization of the system…
We introduce a hierarchical class of approximations of the random Ising spin glass in $d$ dimensions. The attention is focused on finite clusters of spins where the action of the rest of the system is properly taken into account. At the…
We present an anytime algorithm which computes policies for decision problems represented as multi-stage influence diagrams. Our algorithm constructs policies incrementally, starting from a policy which makes no use of the available…