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Recently, Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs) have shown promising potential across vision, language, and cross-modal generation. However, a notable discrepancy exists between their training and inference procedures. In particular, MDM inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Renping Zhou , Zanlin Ni , Tianyi Chen , Zeyu Liu , Yang Yue , Yulin Wang , Yuxuan Wang , Jingshu Liu , Gao Huang

In many applied optimization settings, parameters that define the constraints may not guarantee the best possible solution, and superior solutions might exist that are infeasible for the given parameter values. Removing such constraints,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-22 Farzin Ahmadi , Todd R. McNutt , Kimia Ghobadi

Traditional VMAT optimization often ignores dynamic machine limits, treating delivery time as an emergent property rather than a steerable parameter. This work introduces Dynamic Modulated Arc Therapy (DMAT), an intent-driven framework that…

We consider code optimization and angle-Doppler imaging for slow-time code division multiplexing (ST-CDM) linear frequency-modulated continuous-wave (LFMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar systems. We optimize the slow-time code…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Xiaolei Shang , Yuanbo Cheng

Online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) has great promise to significantly reduce normal tissue toxicity and/or improve tumor control through real-time treatment adaptations based on the current patient anatomy. However, the major technical…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Chunhua Men , Xun Jia , Steve. B. Jiang

The cost of simulating quantum many-body systems - on classical or quantum hardware - scales with the number of variational parameters, so progress at fixed computational budget hinges on more parameter-efficient ans\"atze. Configuration…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Hao Zhang , Matthew Otten

The authors propose robust adaptive strategies based on stochastic minimax optimization for a series of simulated treatments on a one-dimensional patient phantom. The plan applied during the first fractions should be able to handle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-01 Michelle Böck , Anders Forsgren , Kjell Eriksson , Björn Hårdemark

Treatment planning system calculations in inhomogeneous regions may present significant inaccuracies due to loss of electronic equilibrium. In this study, three different dose calculation algorithms, pencil beam, collapsed cone, and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-03-12 Sung Jin Kim , Dong Ho Kim , Sung Kyu Kim

We present a novel application of Tensor Network methods in cancer treatment as a potential tool to solve the dose optimization problem in radiotherapy. In particular, the Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) technique - that allows…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Samuele Cavinato , Timo Felser , Marco Fusella , Marta Paiusco , Simone Montangero

In this work, an optimization-based inverse design method is provided for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) metastructured devices. Typically, optimization-based methods use a full-wave solver in conjunction with an optimization routine to…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Luke Szymanski , Gurkan Gok , Anthony Grbic

Purpose, To develop a high scanning efficiency, motion corrected imaging strategy for free-breathing pulmonary MRI by combining a motion compensation reconstruction with a UTE acquisition, called iMoCo UTE. Methods, An optimized golden…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-03 Xucheng Zhu , Marilynn Chan , Michael Lustig , Kevin Johnson , Peder Larson

To study radiotherapy-related adverse effects, detailed dose information (3D distribution) is needed for accurate dose-effect modeling. For childhood cancer survivors who underwent radiotherapy in the pre-CT era, only 2D radiographs were…

Geometric uncertainty can degrade treatment quality in radiation therapy. While margins and robust optimization mitigate these effects, they provide only implicit control over clinical goal fulfillment probability. We therefore develop a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Albin Fredriksson , Erik Engwall , Jenneke de Jong , Johan Sundström

Radiation Therapy (RT) plays a pivotal role in the treatment of cancer, offering the potential to effectively target and eliminate tumour cells while minimizing harm to surrounding healthy tissues. However, the success of RT heavily depends…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 Keshav Kumar K. , NVSL Narasimham , A. Ramakrishna Prasad

This paper presents reduced-rank linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamforming algorithms based on joint iterative optimization of filters. The proposed reduced-rank scheme is based on a constrained joint iterative optimization…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-05-22 R. C. de Lamare , L. Wang , R. Fa

Radiotherapy planning naturally leads to a multi-criteria optimization problem which is subject to different sources of uncertainty. In order to find the desired treatment plan, a decision maker must balance these objectives as well as the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Jan Schröeder , Yair Censor , Philipp Süss , Karl-Heinz Küfer

Radiotherapy (RT) is a critical cancer treatment, with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) being a commonly used technique that enhances dose conformity by dynamically adjusting multileaf collimator (MLC) positions and monitor units…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Stefanos Achlatis , Efstratios Gavves , Jan-Jakob Sonke

With the advancement of treatment modalities in radiation therapy for cancer patients, outcomes have improved, but at the cost of increased treatment plan complexity and planning time. The accurate prediction of dose distributions would…

Medical Physics · Physics 2018-12-03 Dan Nguyen , Troy Long , Xun Jia , Weiguo Lu , Xuejun Gu , Zohaib Iqbal , Steve Jiang

In radiation therapy, mathematical methods have been used for optimizing treatment planning for delivery of sufficient dose to the cancerous cells while keeping the dose to critical surrounding structures minimal. This optimization problem…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Hamed Yarmand , David Craft

Radiation therapy (RT) is a medical treatment to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors. To manually schedule patients for RT is a time-consuming and challenging task. By the use of optimization, patient schedules for RT can be created…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-04 Sara Frimodig , Per Enqvist , Mats Carlsson , Carole Mercier
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