Related papers: Scanning of Vehicles for Nuclear Materials
The smuggling of special nuclear materials (SNMs) across national borders is becoming a serious threat to nuclear nonproliferation. This paper presents a feasibility study on the rapid interrogation of concealed SNMs by combining scattering…
Muons are the most penetrating radiographic probe that exists today. These elementary particles possess a unique combination of physical properties that allows them to pass through dense, heavily shielded objects that are opaque to typical…
Methods for source detection in high noise environments are important for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) medical imaging and especially crucial for homeland security applications, which is our main interest. In the…
X-ray security screening is in widespread use to maintain transportation security against a wide range of potential threat profiles. Of particular interest is the recent focus on the use of automated screening approaches, including the…
In an act of sabotage or terrorism, hazardous material might be released deliberately into the atmosphere to threaten individuals, e.g., those operating critical infrastructure. Hazardous materials in such a scenario include toxic…
In the last two decades, luggage scanning has globally become one of the prime aviation security concerns. Manual screening of the baggage items is a cumbersome, subjective and inefficient process. Hence, many researchers have developed…
Nuclear disarmament treaties are not sufficient in and of themselves to neutralize the existential threat of the nuclear weapons. Technologies are necessary for verifying the authenticity of the nuclear warheads undergoing dismantlement…
For the safety of the traveling public, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) operates security checkpoints at airports in the United States, seeking to keep dangerous items off airplanes. At these checkpoints, the TSA employs a…
Dual energy cargo inspection systems are sensitive to both the area density and the atomic number of an imaged container due to the $Z$ dependence of photon attenuation. The ability to identify cargo contents by their atomic number enables…
In cultural heritage conservation, it is increasingly common to rely on non-destructive imaging methods based on the absorption or scattering of photons ($X$ or $\gamma$ rays) or neutrons. However, physical and practical issues limit these…
Quality assurance and condition assessment of concrete structures is an important topic world-wide due to the ageing infrastructure and increasing traffic demands. Common topics include, but are not limited to, localisation of rebar or…
The use of muon scattering tomography for the non-invasive characterisation of nuclear waste is well established. We report here on the application of a combination of feature discriminators and multivariate analysis techniques to locate…
In this study, we employ the Monte Carlo simulations by using the GEANT4 code to demonstrate the capability of muon tomography based on the dual-parameter analysis in the examination of the nuclear waste barrels. Our current hodoscope setup…
An open source software package for simulating thermal neutron propagation in geometry is presented. In this system, neutron propagation can be treated by either the particle transport method or the ray-tracing method. Supported by an…
Current radiation portal monitors at sea ports and international borders that employ standard radiation detection techniques are not very sensitive to nuclear contraband that is well shielded to absorb emanating radiation. Muon Tomography…
Future arms control treaties may need to reliably verify warheads for dismantlement as part of the treaty verification process without exposing carefully guarded weapons information. Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis has been proposed…
Content scanning systems employ perceptual hashing algorithms to scan user content for illegal material, such as child pornography or terrorist recruitment flyers. Perceptual hashing algorithms help determine whether two images are visually…
Nondestructive evaluation methods play an important role in ensuring component integrity and safety in many industries. Operator fatigue can play a critical role in the reliability of such methods. This is important for inspecting high…
Cargo containers passing through ports are scanned by non-intrusive inspection systems to search for concealed illicit materials. By using two photon beams with different energy spectra, dual energy inspection systems are sensitive to both…
Various techniques are used to detect the presence of charged particles stored in electromagnetic traps, their energy, their mass, or their internal states. Detection methods can rely on the variation of the number of trapped particles…