Related papers: Quantum Randomness Certified by the Uncertainty Pr…
Reliable randomness is a core ingredient in algorithms and applications ranging from numerical simulations to statistical sampling and cryptography. The outcomes of measurements on entangled quantum states can violate Bell inequalities,…
Quantum resources, such as entanglement, can decrease the uncertainty of a parameter-estimation procedure beyond what is classically possible. This phenomenon is well described for noiseless systems with asymptotically many measurement…
Quantum sensing takes advantage of well controlled quantum systems for performing measurements with high sensitivity and precision. We have implemented a concept for quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution, independent of the…
We introduce probability estimation, a broadly applicable framework to certify randomness in a finite sequence of measurement results without assuming that these results are independent and identically distributed. Probability estimation…
Quantum random number generation is a technique to generate random numbers by extracting randomness from specific quantum processes. As for practical random number generators, they are required not only to have no information leakage but…
We implement a quantum random number generator based on a balanced homodyne measurement of vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. The digitized signal is directly processed with a fast randomness extraction scheme based on a…
Random numbers have significant applications in fundamental science, high-level scientific research, cryptography, and several other areas where there is a pressing need for high-quality random numbers. We present an experimental…
While quantum speed-up in solving certain decision problems by a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer has been promised, a timely research interest includes how far one can reduce the resource requirement to demonstrate a provable…
We propose a novel modular debiasing technique applicable to any discrete random source, addressing the fundamental challenge of reliably extracting high-quality randomness from inherently imperfect physical processes. The method involves…
This article deals with the problem of the uncertainty in rule-based systems (RBS), but from the perspective of quantum computing (QC). In this work we first remember the characteristics of Quantum Rule-Based Systems (QRBS), a concept…
In this work, we aim at augmenting the decisions output by quantum models with "error bars" that provide finite-sample coverage guarantees. Quantum models implement implicit probabilistic predictors that produce multiple random decisions…
Measurement outcomes of a quantum state can be genuinely random (unpredictable) according to the basic laws of quantum mechanics. The Heisenberg-Robertson uncertainty relation puts constrains on the accuracy of two noncommuting observables.…
In this work we investigate how to quantify the coherence of quantum measurements. First, we establish a resource theoretical framework to address the coherence of measurement and show that any statistical distance can be adopted to define…
This work reports on setup, characterisation and data processing of a true quantum random number generator. As a randomness source a pure quantum vacuum state of light is used, which is amplified by a laser beam. Performance and behaviour…
Measurement based (MB) quantum computation allows for universal quantum computing by measuring individual qubits prepared in entangled multipartite states, known as graph states. Unless corrected for, the randomness of the measurements…
We describe a protocol for generating random numbers based on the existence of quantum violations of a free Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, namely CHSH-3. Our method uses semidefinite programming relaxations to compute such…
Quantum mechanics has greatly impacted our understanding of the microscopic nature. One of the key concepts of this theory is generalized measurements, which have proven useful in various quantum information processing tasks. However,…
We introduce a single-number metric, quantum volume, that can be measured using a concrete protocol on near-term quantum computers of modest size ($n\lesssim 50$), and measure it on several state-of-the-art transmon devices, finding values…
Certified randomness guaranteed to be unpredictable by adversaries is central to information security. The fundamental randomness inherent in quantum physics makes certification possible from devices that are only weakly characterised, i.e.…
The entropic uncertainty principle as outlined by Maassen and Uffink for a pair of non-degenerate observables in a finite level qusystem is generalized here to the case of a pair of arbitrary quantum measurements. In particular, our result…