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We report on two series of experiments, conducted in the frame of two different collaborations designed to study how pedestrians adapt their trajectories and velocities in groups or crowds. Strong emphasis is put on the motivations for the…

In human crowds, interactions among individuals give rise to a variety of self-organized collective motions that help the group to effectively solve the problem of coordination. However, it is still not known exactly how humans adjust their…

For the modelling of pedestrian dynamics we treat persons as self-driven objects moving in a continuous space. On the basis of a modified social force model we qualitatively analyze the influence of various approaches for the interaction…

Nonreciprocal interaction crowd systems, such as human-human, human-vehicle, and human-robot systems, often have serious impacts on pedestrian safety and social order. A more comprehensive understanding of these systems is needed to…

In this paper we propose a classification of crowd models in built environments based on the assumed pedestrian ability to foresee the movements of other walkers. At the same time, we introduce a new family of macroscopic models, which make…

Predicting human trajectories is a challenging task due to the complexity of pedestrian behavior, which is influenced by external factors such as the scene's topology and interactions with other pedestrians. A special challenge arises from…

The movement of pedestrians is supposed to show certain regularities which can be best described by an ``algorithm'' for the individual behavior and is easily simulated on computers. This behavior is assumed to be determined by an intended…

Experiments with pedestrians revealed that the geometry of the domain, as well as the incentive of pedestrians to reach a target as fast as possible have a strong influence on the overall dynamics. In this paper, we propose and validate…

Discrete pedestrian simulation models are viable alternatives to particle based approaches based on a continuous spatial representation. The effects of discretisation, however, also imply some difficulties in modelling certain phenomena…

Dense pedestrian crowds may pose significant safety risks, yet their underlying dynamics remain insufficiently understood to reliably prevent accidents. In these environments, physical interactions and contact forces fundamentally shape the…

To better design safe and comfortable urban spaces, understanding the nature of human crowd movement is important. However, precise interactions among pedestrians are difficult to measure in the presence of their complex decision-making…

Understanding human motion is crucial for accurate pedestrian trajectory prediction. Conventional methods typically rely on supervised learning, where ground-truth labels are directly optimized against predicted trajectories. This amplifies…

In this paper we deal with pedestrian modeling, aiming at simulating crowd behavior in normal and emergency scenarios, including highly congested mass events. We are specifically concerned with a new agent-based, continuous-in-space,…

Crowd studies have gained increasing relevance due to the recurring incidents of crowd crush accidents. In addressing the issue of the crowd's persistent dynamism, this paper explored the macroscopic and microscopic features of pedestrians…

In recent years modelling crowd and evacuation dynamics has become very important, with increasing huge numbers of people gathering around the world for many reasons and events. The fact that our global population grows dramatically every…

This article is on collective phenomena in pedestrian dynamics during the assembling and dispersal phases of gatherings. To date pedestrian dynamics have been primarily studied in the natural and engineering sciences. Pedestrians are…

The empirical relation between density and velocity of pedestrian movement is not completely analyzed, particularly with regard to the `microscopic' causes which determine the relation at medium and high densities. The simplest system for…

This article deals with the experimental study of pedestrian behaviours in some situations of one-dimensional traffic. Participants were pre-organized in a line, and asked to walk either in a straight line with a fast or slow leader, or to…

We present a strategy capable of describing basic features of the dynamics of crowds. The behaviour of the crowd is considered from a twofold perspective. We examine both the large scale behaviour of the crowd, and phenomena happening at…

In pedestrian dynamics, the internal drive that propels individuals toward their goals is typically captured by a single, fixed parameter, the desired walking speed. This simplification overlooks that motivation fluctuates in response to…