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For general metric theories of gravity, we compare the approach that describes-derives the field equations of gravity as a thermodynamic identity with the one which looks at them from entropy bounds. The comparison is made through the…
It is expected that the cosmological black holes are the closest realistic solutions of gravitational theories and they evolve with time. Moreover, the natural way of defining thermodynamic entities for the stationary ones is not applicable…
We aim to study the thermodynamic properties of the spherically symmetric reference frames with uniform acceleration, including the spherically symmetric generalization of Rindler reference frame and the new kind of uniformly accelerated…
It is suggested that the Einstein equation can be derived from Landauer's principle applied to an information erasing process at a local Rindler horizon and Jacobson's idea linking the Einstein equation with thermodynamics. When matter…
The two surprising features of gravity are (a) the principle of equivalence and (b) the connection between gravity and thermodynamics. Using principle of equivalence and special relativity in the {\it local inertial frame}, one could obtain…
Here I develop the connection between thermodynamics, entanglement, and gravity. I begin by showing that the classical null energy condition (NEC) can arise as a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics applied to local holographic…
We present a novel derivation of Einstein equations from the balance between Clausius entropy crossing the boundary of a local causal diamond and entanglement entropy associated with its horizon. Comparing this derivation with the…
I describe how gravitational entropy is intimately connected with the concept of gravitational heat, expressed as the difference between the total and free energies of a given gravitational system. From this perspective one can compute…
A general ansatz for gravitational entropy can be provided using the criterion that, any patch of area which acts as a horizon for a suitably defined accelerated observer, must have an entropy proportional to its area. After providing a…
Entropic-force cosmology provides, in contrast with dark energy descriptions, a concrete physical understanding of the accelerated expansion of the universe. The acceleration appears to be a consequence of the entropy associated with the…
We show that it is possible to obtain a picture of equilibrium thermodynamics on the apparent horizon in the expanding cosmological background for a wide class of modified gravity theories with the Lagrangian density $f(R, \phi, X)$, where…
We review recent progress in understanding certain aspects of the thermodynamics of black holes and other horizons. Our discussion centers on various ``entropy bounds'' which have been proposed in the literature and on the current…
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law…
We analyze the generic structure of Einstein tensor projected onto a 2-D spacelike surface S defined by unit timelike and spacelike vectors u_i and n_i respectively, which describe an accelerated observer (see text). Assuming that flow…
The thermodynamics of local causal horizons has been shown to imply gravitational dynamics. In this essay, we discuss the principles underlying this observation, and its significance in our understanding of (quantum) gravity. We also show…
A general formalism for understanding the thermodynamics of horizons in spherically symmetric spacetimes is developed. The formalism reproduces known results in the case of black hole spacetimes. But its power lies in being able to handle…
The notions of temperature, entropy and `evaporation', usually associated with spacetimes with horizons, are analyzed using general approach and the following results, applicable to different spacetimes, are obtained at one go. (i) The…
Thermodynamics of local causal horizons have been shown to encode the information necessary to derive the equations governing the gravitational dynamics. We have previously shown that, in the presence of matter, this derivation further…
It is well known that, for a wide class of spacetimes with horizons, Einstein equations near the horizon can be written as a thermodynamic identity. It is also known that the Einstein tensor acquires a highly symmetric form near static, as…
The activation temperature $T$ in the de Sitter environment is twice larger than the Gibbons-Hawking temperature, related to the cosmological horizon. We consider the activation temperature as the local temperature of the de Sitter vacuum,…