Related papers: Background subtraction using probabilistic event w…
We discuss a new method for setting limits on small signals in the presence of background noise. The method is based on a combination of a two dimensional confidence region and the large sample approximation to the likelihood ratio test…
Although it has been widely discussed in video surveillance, background subtraction is still an open problem in the context of complex scenarios, e.g., dynamic backgrounds, illumination variations, and indistinct foreground objects. To…
We consider several detection situations where, under the alternative hypothesis, the signal admits a low complexity model and, under both the null and the alternative hypotheses, the distribution of the background noise is {unknown}. We…
An event-based maximum likelihood method for handling X-ray polarimetry data is extended to include the effects of background and nonuniform sampling of the possible position angle space. While nonuniform sampling in position angle space…
Estimating the impact of systematic uncertainties in particle physics experiments is challenging, especially since the detector response is unknown analytically in most situations and needs to be estimated through Monte Carlo (MC)…
Low-energy strong interactions are a major source of background at hadron colliders, and methods of subtracting the associated energy flow are well established in the field. Traditional approaches treat the contamination as diffuse, and…
We investigate a new sampling scheme aimed at improving the performance of particle filters whenever (a) there is a significant mismatch between the assumed model dynamics and the actual system, or (b) the posterior probability tends to…
We present a least squares method for estimating parameters from measurements of event yields in the presence of background and crossfeed. We adopt a unified approach to incorporating the statistical and systematic uncertainties on the…
In this talk, I presented effects of small, but non-negligible unrejected background events on the determinations of WIMP couplings/cross sections.
Most work on foreground removal has treated the case where the frequency dependence of all components is perfectly known and independent of position. In contrast, real-world foregrounds are generally not perfectly correlated between…
One fundamental statistical question for research areas such as precision medicine and health disparity is about discovering effect modification of treatment or exposure by observed covariates. We propose a semiparametric framework for…
Azimuthal asymmetries play an important role in scattering processes with polarized particles. This paper introduces a new procedure using event weighting to extract these asymmetries. It is shown that the resulting estimator has several…
In a high-energy physics data analysis, the term "fake" backgrounds refers to events that would formally not satisfy the (signal) process selection criteria, but are accepted nonetheless due to mis-reconstructed particles. This can occur,…
With larger data at their disposal, scientists are emboldened to tackle complex questions that require sophisticated statistical models. It is not unusual for the latter to have likelihood functions that elude analytical formulations. Even…
The model representing two independent Poisson processes, labelled as "signal" and "background" and both contributing at the same time to the total number of counted events, is considered from a Bayesian point of view. This is a widely used…
Subtraction of the large background in reconstruction is a key ingredient in jet studies in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. Here we address the question to which extent the most commonly used subtraction techniques are…
Neural networks can learn spurious correlations that lead to the correct prediction in a validation set, but generalise poorly because the predictions are right for the wrong reason. This undesired learning of naive shortcuts (Clever Hans…
This paper presents a novel method for extracting acoustic features that characterise the background environment in audio recordings. These features are based on the output of an alignment that fits multiple parallel background--based…
As the global population ages, the number of fall-related incidents is on the rise. Effective fall detection systems, specifically in healthcare sector, are crucial to mitigate the risks associated with such events. This study evaluates the…
A high-level beam background is a crucial challenge to future upgrades to the BEPCII collider. We report on the first separate measurement of the main beam background components at BEPCII. The separation measurement enables the beam…