Related papers: Scaling the universe
Could one start from scratch, ignore relativity theory and quantum theory, create and expand our 3-D universe with no singularities, have the mathematical model predict correctly all of the cosmological parameters, provide the origins and…
In this paper, we prove the existence of two degrees of freedom that govern the movement of light in an expanding universe. The use of the fractal manifold model leads to reciprocal causality between variation of geometry and gravity, which…
The changes of main paradigms on the structure and evolution of the Universe are reviewed. Two puzzles of the modern cosmology, the mean density of matter and the regularity of the Universe on large scales, as well as the possibility to…
The interstellar medium is structured as a hierachy of gas clouds, that looks self-similar over 6 orders of magnitude in scales and 9 in masses. This is one of the more extended fractal in the Universe. At even larger scales, the ensemble…
Precise analyses of the statistical and scaling properties of galaxy distribution are essential to elucidate the large-scale structure of the universe. Given the ongoing debate on its statistical features, the development of statistical…
The Cyclic Model is a radical, new cosmological scenario which proposes that the Universe undergoes an endless sequence of epochs which begin with a `big bang' and end in a `big crunch.' When the Universe bounces from contraction to…
The large scale distribution of galaxies in the universe displays a complex pattern of clusters, super-clusters, filaments and voids with sizes limited only by the boundaries of the available samples. A quantitative statistical…
The fact that galaxy distribution exhibits fractal properties is well established since twenty years. Nowadays, the controversy concerns the range of the fractal regime, the value of the fractal dimension and the eventual presence of a…
City size distributions are known to be well approximated by power laws across a wide range of countries. But such distributions are also meaningful at other spatial scales, such as within certain regions of a country. Using data from…
Like early-type galaxies, also nearby galaxy clusters define a Fundamental Plane, a luminosity-radius, and a luminosity-velocity dispersion relations, whose physical origin is still unclear. By means of high resolution N--body simulations…
The mean power spectrum of galaxies is compared with theoretical models. Possibilities to explain the observed power spectrum are discussed. Superclusters and voids form a quasi-regular lattice of mean cell size 120 Mpc; the main axis of…
A model of the universe as a self-organized critical system is considered. The universe evolves to a state independently of the initial conditions at the edge of chaos. The critical state is an attractor of the dynamics. Random metric…
We apply the Principle of Maximum Entropy to the study of a general class of deterministic fractal sets. The scaling laws peculiar to these objects are accounted for by means of a constraint concerning the average content of information in…
Rich clusters of galaxies, the largest virialized systems known, provide a powerful tool for the study of cosmology. Some of the fundamental questions that can be addressed with clusters of galaxies include: how did galaxies and large-scale…
To seek for a possible origin of fractal pattern in nature, we perform a molecular dynamics simulation for a fragmentation of an infinite fcc lattice. The fragmentation is induced by the initial condition of the model that the lattice…
The universe's large-scale structure forms a vast, interconnected network of filaments, sheets, and voids known as the cosmic web. For decades, astronomers have observed that the orientations of neighboring galaxy clusters within these…
The expansion of the Universe is the basis of modern cosmology. This chapter outlines the theory behind the expansion of the universe, including the cosmological principle, distances, velocities, and accelerations. We provide basic…
The ability to map the cosmological expansion has developed enormously, spurred by the turning point one decade ago of the discovery of cosmic acceleration. The standard model of cosmology has shifted from a matter dominated, standard…
Galaxies represent the visible fabric of the Universe and there has been considerable progress recently in both observational and theoretical studies. The underlying goal is to understand the present-day diversity of galaxy forms, masses…
The Hubble law, determined from the distance modulii and redshifts of galaxies, for the past 80 years, has been used as strong evidence for an expanding universe. This claim is reviewed in light of the claimed lack of necessary evidence for…