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We study the impact of multi-layered clouds (low-level water and high-level ice clouds) on the thermal emission spectra of Earth-like planets orbiting different types of stars. Clouds have an important influence on such planetary emission…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 D. Kitzmann , A. B. C. Patzer , P. von Paris , M. Godolt , H. Rauer

The phase or orbital light curves of extrasolar terrestrial planets in reflected or emitted light will contain information about their atmospheres and surfaces complementary to data obtained by other techniques such as spectrosopy. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Eric Gaidos , Nicholas Moskovitz , Darren M. Williams

The detection of moons orbiting extrasolar planets ("exomoons") has now become feasible. Once they are discovered in the circumstellar habitable zone, questions about their habitability will emerge. Exomoons are likely to be tidally locked…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-31 René Heller , Rory Barnes

The lunar geological record contains a rich archive of the history of the inner Solar System, including information relevant to understanding the origin and evolution of the Earth-Moon system, the geological evolution of rocky planets, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-13 Ian A. Crawford , Katherine H. Joy

We observe neither life beyond Earth, nor moons around exoplanets, despite the prevalence of Earth-like planets across the galaxy. We suggest Moonfall as a possible mechanism to explain both simultaneously.

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-26 Casey Brinkman , Keyan Gootkin , Rena A. Lee , Grey Murphree , Nick Saunders , Linnea Wolniewicz

The atmospheres of exoplanets reveal all their properties beyond mass, radius, and orbit. Based on bulk densities, we know that exoplanets larger than 1.5 Earth radii must have gaseous envelopes, hence atmospheres. We discuss contemporary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-04 Drake Deming , Sara Seager

A recent analysis of a Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) data record spanning 38.7 yr revealed an anomalous increase of the eccentricity of the lunar orbit amounting to de/dt_meas = (9 +/- 3) 10^-12 yr^-1. The present-day models of the dissipative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-26 Lorenzo Iorio

Exoplanets are now being discovered in profusion. However, to understand their character requires spectral models and data. These elements of remote sensing can yield temperatures, compositions, and even weather patterns, but only if…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Adam Burrows

The origin, distribution, depth and volume of lunar volatiles remain open questions. One of the possible sources of Moon's volatiles is their volcanic outgassing during the peak of lunar volcanic activity ~3.5 Ga. This same outgassing would…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-11 Igor Aleinov , Michael J. Way , Christopher W. Hamilton , James W. Head

The formation, composition and physical properties of lunar dust are incompletely characterised with regard to human health. While the physical and chemical determinants of dust toxicity for materials such as asbestos, quartz, volcanic…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Dag Linnarsson , James Carpenter , Bice Fubini , Per Gerde , Lars L. Karlsson , David J. Loftus , G. Kim Prisk , Urs Staufer , Erin M. Tranfield , Wim van Westrenen

The light scattered by an extrasolar Earth-like planet's surface and atmosphere will vary in intensity and color as the planet rotates; the resulting light curve will contain information about the planet's properties. Since most of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric B. Ford , Sara Seager , Edwin L. Turner

Lunar dust -- the sub-millimeter fraction of the regolith -- controls the optical, thermophysical, electrical, mechanical, and environmental behavior of the Moon's surface. These properties set the performance envelopes of remote-sensing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Slava G. Turyshev

The presence of rings and moons around exoplanets is likely to be one of the next great discoveries in exoplanet research. Using theories developed for the Solar System, we explore the possibility of coupled ring-moon cycles around…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-29 Isabella E. Ward , Matija Ćuk

Studying lunar dust is vital to the exploration of the Moon and other airless planetary bodies. The Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer (UVS) on board the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) spacecraft conducted a series…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-01 H. Sharma , M. M. Hedman , D. H. Wooden , A. Colaprete , A. M. Cook

Atmospheric compositions for rocky exoplanets will depend strongly on the bulk planetary composition and the orbital position of the planet. Non-traditional gases may be present in the atmospheres of exceptionally hot planets. Atmospheres…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-20 Laura Schaefer , Vivien Parmentier

Motivated by efforts to return humanity to the Moon, three cases are reviewed for X-ray astronomy from the lunar surface: (1) Facilitation of ambitious engineering designs including high throughput telescopes, long focal length optics and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-25 Poshak Gandhi

I review the major open science questions in exoplanet atmospheres. These are mainly focused in the areas of understanding atmospheric physics, the atmosphere as a window into other realms of planetary physics, and the atmosphere is a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-09 Jonathan J. Fortney

As an exoplanet orbits its host star it reflects and emits light, forming a distinctive phase curve. By observing this light, we can study the atmosphere and surface of distant planets. The planets in our Solar System show a wide range of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 David J. Armstrong , Ernst de Mooij , Joanna Barstow , Hugh P. Osborn , James Blake , Nessa Fereshteh Saniee

Secondary eclipses and phase curves reveal information about the reflectivity and heat distribution in exoplanet atmospheres. The phase curve is composed of a combination of reflected, and thermally emitted light from the planet, and for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-27 Ben Placek , Daniel Angerhausen , Kevin H. Knuth

The satellites of extrasolar planets (exomoons) have been recently proposed as astrobiological targets. Since giant planets in the habitable zone are thought to have migrated there, it is possible that they may have captured a former…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-27 Simon B. Porter , William M. Grundy
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