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Related papers: Reducibility in the Four-Color Theorem

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We present a prototype of an integrated reasoning environment for educational purposes. The presented tool is a fragment of a proof assistant and automated theorem prover. We describe the existing and planned functionality of the theorem…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Mario Frank , Christoph Kreitz

In their recent claimed computer-free proof of the Four Color Theorem, David Jackson and Bruce Richmond attempted to use sophisticated "asymptotic analysis" to explicitly compute a certain number whose positivity (according to them) implies…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-09 Shalosh B. Ekhad , Doron Zeilberger

In this paper, we apply an equivalent color transform (ECT) for a minimal $k$-coloring of any graph $G$. It contracts each color class of the graph to a single vertex and produces a complete graph $K_k$ for $G$ by removing redundant edges…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Wenhong Tian

We investigate the notion of quantum chromatic number of a graph, which is the minimal number of colours necessary in a protocol in which two separated provers can convince an interrogator with certainty that they have a colouring of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 Peter J. Cameron , Ashley Montanaro , Michael W. Newman , Simone Severini , Andreas Winter

Program reductions are used widely to simplify reasoning about the correctness of concurrent and distributed programs. In this paper, we propose a general approach to proof simplification of concurrent programs based on exploring generic…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Azadeh Farzan , Anthony Vandikas

A step-by-step presentation of the code for a small theorem prover introduces theorem-proving techniques. The programming language used is Standard ML. The prover operates on a sequent calculus formulation of first-order logic, which is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Lawrence C. Paulson

Let G be a combinatorial graph with vertices V and edges E. A proper coloring of G is an assignment of colors to the vertices such that no edge connects two vertices of the same color. These are the colorings considered in the famous Four…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Bruce E Sagan

We prove that every cyclically 4-edge-connected cubic graph that can be embedded in the projective plane, with the single exception of the Petersen graph, is 3-edge-colorable. In other words, the only (non-trivial) snark that can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Yuta Inoue , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Atsuyuki Miyashita , Bojan Mohar , Tomohiro Sonobe

In this paper we present the formal, computer-supported verification of a functional implementation of Buchberger's critical-pair/completion algorithm for computing Gr\"obner bases in reduction rings. We describe how the algorithm can be…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2016-05-02 Alexander Maletzky

The enterprise of comparing mathematical theorems according to their logical strength is an active area in mathematical logic. In this setting, called reverse mathematics, one investigates which theorems provably imply which others in a…

In this paper, we consider coloring of graphs under the assumption that some vertices are already colored. Let $G$ be an $r$-colorable graph and let $P\subset V(G)$. Albertson [J.\ Combin.\ Theory Ser. B \textbf{73} (1998), 189--194] has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-15 Chihoko Ojima , Akira Saito , Kazuki Sano

Standard proofs of Lusin's theorem, using simple functions, are sometimes quite elaborate. Here, we give a one-sentence proof of Lusin's theorem. We do not believe our approach, by way of inverse images, is new. However, this particular…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-11-01 Samuel J. Ferguson , Tianqi Wu

Mechanized reasoning uses computers to verify proofs and to help discover new theorems. Computer scientists have applied mechanized reasoning to economic problems but -- to date -- this work has not yet been properly presented in economics…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-12 Manfred Kerber , Christoph Lange , Colin Rowat

In the realm of light logics deriving from linear logic, a number of variants of exponential rules have been investigated. The profusion of such proof systems induces the need for cut-elimination theorems for each logic, the proof of which…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Esaïe Bauer , Alexis Saurin

Hilbert's Irreducibility Theorem is a cornerstone that joins areas of analysis and number theory. Both the genesis and genius of its proof involved combining real analysis and combinatorics. We try to expose the motivations that led Hilbert…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-09-21 Mark B. Villarino , Bill Gasarch , Kenneth Regan

We propose an open question that seeks to generalise the Four Colour Theorem from two to three dimensions. As an appetiser, we show that 12 instead of four colours are both sufficient and necessary to colour every 2-complex that embeds in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-13 Jan Kurkofka , Emily Nevinson

We start by building up some theory to state Wagner's Theorem, and then prove it using Kuratowski's Theorem, a proof of which is found in Diester (2000). Following this, we establish some connections between the chromatic number of a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Arnold Tan Junhan

This paper presents an alternative proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra that has several distinct advantages. The proof is based on simple ideas involving continuity and differentiation. Visual software demonstrations can be used to…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-10-02 Christopher Thron , Jordan T. Barry

We give a simple and direct proof that super-consistency implies the cut elimination property in deduction modulo. This proof can be seen as a simplification of the proof that super-consistency implies proof normalization. It also takes…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Gilles Dowek , Olivier Hermant

We propose a categorical framework to reason about scientific explanations: descriptions of a phenomenon meant to translate it into simpler terms, or into a context that has been already understood. Our motivating examples come from systems…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Leo Lobski , Fabio Zanasi