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In statistical mechanics, entropy is defined as a fundamental quantity. However, its unit, J/K, involves that of temperature, which is only subsequently defined - and defined in terms of entropy. This circularity arises with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Charles Alexandre Bédard , Sophie Berthelette , Xavier Coiteux-Roy , Stefan Wolf

In thermodynamics one considers thermal systems and the maximization of entropy subject to the conservation of energy. A consequence is Landauer's erasure principle, which states that the erasure of 1 bit of information requires a minimum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-19 Stephen M. Barnett , Joan A. Vaccaro

In 1961, R. Landauer proposed the principle that logical irreversibility is associated with physical irreversibility and further theorized that the erasure of information is fundamentally a dissipative process. Landauer posited that a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-26 J. Hong , B. Lambson , S. Dhuey , J. Bokor

Landauer discussed the minimum energy necessary for computation and stated that erasure of information is accompanied by heat generation to the amount of kT ln2/bit. Modifying the above statement, we claim that erasure of information is…

chao-dyn · Physics 2009-10-31 Shunya Ishioka , Nobuko Fuchikami

Quantum gravity, and quantum cosmology, is not yet a complete nor consistent theory. One of the reasons for this is that the identification of the quantum of gravity is still very elusive. Here we show that the quantum of gravity is the…

General Physics · Physics 2011-05-17 Antonio Alfonso-Faus

Landauer's principle sets fundamental thermodynamical constraints for classical and quantum information processing, thus affecting not only various branches of physics, but also of computer science and engineering. Despite its importance,…

A known aspect of the Clausius inequality is that an equilibrium system subjected to a squeezing $\d S$ of its entropy must release at least an amount $|\dbarrm Q|=T|\d S|$ of heat. This serves as a basis for the Landauer principle, which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

A known aspect of the Clausius inequality is that an equilibrium system subjected to a squeezing $\d S<0$ of its entropy must release at least an amount $|\dbarrm Q|=T|\d S|$ of heat. This serves as a basis for the Landauer principle, which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Conventional computing has many sources of heat dissipation, but one of these--the Landauer limit--poses a fundamental lower bound of 1 bit of entropy per bit erased. 'Reversible Computing' avoids this source of dissipation, but is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Hannah Earley

Landauer's principle introduces a symmetry between computational and physical processes: erasure of information, a logically irreversible operation, must be underlain by an irreversible transformation dissipating energy. Monitoring micro-…

Landauer's principle states that the erasure of one bit of information requires the free energy kT ln 2. We argue that the reliability of the bit erasure process is bounded by the accuracy inherent in the statistical state of the energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dominik Janzing , Pawel Wocjan , Robert Zeier , Rubino Geiss , Thomas Beth

Thermodynamics and information have intricate inter-relations. The justification of the fact that information is physical, is done by inter-linking information and thermodynamics - through Landauer's principle. This modern approach towards…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-29 Manabendra Nath Bera , Andreas Winter , Maciej Lewenstein

Landauer's principle provides a perspective on the physical meaning of information as well as on the minimum working cost of information processing. Whereas most studies have related the decrease in entropy during a computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-18 Kazunari Hashimoto , Bassano Vacchini , Chikako Uchiyama

In 1961, Rolf Landauer pointed out that resetting a binary memory requires a minimum energy of $k_BT \ln(2)$. However, once written, any memory is doomed to loose its content if no action is taken. To avoid memory losses, a refresh…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-05-11 Davide Chiuchiù , Miquel López-Suárez , Igor Neri , Maria Cristina Diamantini , Luca Gammaitoni

We discuss the identity of black hole entropy and show that the first law of black hole thermodynamics, in the case of a Schwarzschild black hole, can be derived from Landauer's principle by assuming that the black hole is one of the most…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Hyeong-Chan Kim , Jae-Weon Lee , Jungjai Lee

The energy cost of erasing a bit of information was fundamentally lower bounded by Landauer, in terms of the temperature of its environment: $W\geq k_\mathrm{B} T \ln 2$. However, in real electronic devices, the information-bearing system…

Irreversible information processing cannot be carried out without some inevitable thermodynamical work cost. This fundamental restriction, known as Landauer's principle, is increasingly relevant today, as the energy dissipation of computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-08 Philippe Faist , Frédéric Dupuis , Jonathan Oppenheim , Renato Renner

Landauer's principle is applied to information in the universe. Once stars began forming, the increasing proportion of matter at high stellar temperatures compensated for the expanding universe to provide a near constant information energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Paul Gough

One of the outstanding challenges to information processing is the eloquent suppression of energy consumption in execution of logic operations. Landauer principle sets an energy constraint in deletion of a classical bit of information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 L. L. Yan , T. P. Xiong , K. Rehan , F. Zhou , D. F. Liang , L. Chen , J. Q. Zhang , W. L. Yang , Z. H. Ma , M. Feng

The erasure of a classical bit of information is a dissipative process. The minimum heat produced during this operation has been theorized by Rolf Landauer in 1961 to be equal to $k_B T \ln 2$ and takes the name of Landauer limit, Landauer…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-28 Igor Neri , Miquel López-Suárez
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