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A clone on a set X is a set of finitary operations on X which contains all the projections and is closed under composition. The set of all clones forms a complete lattice Cl(X) with greatest element O, the set of all finitary operations.…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Martin Goldstern , Saharon Shelah

A usual dichotomy is that in many cases, reasonably definable sets, satisfy the CH, i.e. if they are uncountable they have cardinality continuum. A strong dichotomy is when: if the cardinality is infinite it is continuum as in [Sh:273]. We…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Saharon Shelah

The study of partial clones on $\mathbf{2}:=\{0,1\}$ was initiated by R. V. Freivald. In his fundamental paper published in 1966, Freivald showed, among other things, that the set of all monotone partial functions and the set of all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-06 Miguel Couceiro , Lucien Haddad , Ivo G. Rosenberg

Extending Sparks's theorem, we determine the cardinality of the lattice of $(C_1,C_2)$-clonoids of Boolean functions for certain pairs $(C_1,C_2)$ of clones of Boolean functions. Namely, when $C_1$ is a subclone (a proper subclone, resp.)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Erkko Lehtonen

Let X be an infinite set of regular cardinality. We determine all clones on X which contain all almost unary functions. It turns out that independently of the size of X, these clones form a countably infinite descending chain. Moreover, all…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Pinsker

Extending Sparks's theorem, we determine the cardinality of the lattice of $(C_1,C_2)$-clonoids of Boolean functions for certain pairs $(C_1,C_2)$ of clones of essentially unary, linear, or $0$- or $1$-separating functions or semilattice…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Erkko Lehtonen

Universal algebra and clone theory have proven to be a useful tool in the study of constraint satisfaction problems since the complexity, up to logspace reductions, is determined by the set of polymorphisms of the constraint language. For…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-10-15 Victor Lagerkvist

Extending Sparks's theorem, we determine the cardinality of the lattice of $(C_1,C_2)$-clonoids of Boolean functions in the cases where the target clone $C_2$ is the clone of projections. Moreover, we explicitly describe the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-01 Erkko Lehtonen

A clone on a set X is a set of finitary functions on X which contains the projections and which is closed under composition. The set of all clones on X forms a complete algebraic lattice Cl(X). We obtain several results on the structure of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Pinsker

A clone of functions on a finite domain determines and is determined by its system of invariant relations (=predicates). When a clone is determined by a finite number of relations, we say that the clone is of finite degree. For each Minsky…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Matthew Moore

We give three examples of large intervals in the lattice of (local) clones on an infinite set X, by exhibiting clones C_1, C_2, C_3 such that: (1) the interval [C_1, O] in the lattice of local clones is (as a lattice) isomorphic to {0,1,2,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Martin Goldstern , Saharon Shelah

Let A be a finite non-singleton set. For |A|=2 we show that the partial clone consisting of all selfdual monotone partial functions on A is not finitely generated, while it is the intersection of two finitely generated maximal partial…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2009-11-03 Miguel Couceiro , Lucien Haddad

A partition is finitary if all its blocks are finite. For a cardinal $\mathfrak{a}$ and a natural number $n$, let $\mathrm{fin}(\mathfrak{a})$ and $\mathscr{B}_{n}(\mathfrak{a})$ be the cardinalities of the set of finite subsets and the set…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Yifan Hu , Guozhen Shen

The clones of Boolean functions are classified in regard to set-reconstructibility via a strong dichotomy result: the clones containing only affine functions, conjunctions, disjunctions or constant functions are set-reconstructible, whereas…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-22 Miguel Couceiro , Erkko Lehtonen , Karsten Schölzel

We calculate the number of unary clones (submonoids of the full transformation monoid) containing the permutations, on an infinite base set. It turns out that this number is quite large, on some cardinals as large as the whole clone…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Michael Pinsker

We show that for an infinite set X, if L is a completely distributive algebraic lattice with not more completely join irreducible elements than the size of the power set of X, then there is a monoidal interval in the clone lattice on X…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Pinsker

Let c be the cardinality of the continuum. We give a family of pairwise incomparable clones (on a countable base set) 2^c members, all with the same unary fragment, namely the set of all unary operations. We also give, for each n, a family…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-08-16 Martin Goldstern , Gábor Sági , Saharon Shelah

We prove that the strong polarized relation of $\theta$ above $\omega$ applied simultaneously for every cardinal in the interval $[\aleph_1,\aleph]$ is consistent. We conclude that this positive relation is consistent for every cardinal…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Shimon Garti , Saharon Shelah

For each clone C on a set A there is an associated equivalence relation, called C-equivalence, on the set of all operations on A, which relates two operations iff each one is a substitution instance of the other using operations from C. In…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-11-22 Erkko Lehtonen , Agnes Szendrei

We determine all composition-closed equational classes of Boolean functions. These classes provide a natural generalization of clones and iterative algebras: they are closed under composition, permutation and identification…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-02-23 Tamás Waldhauser
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